Ikhompiyutha iyithuluzi eselibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Ukuqonda ukuthi izingxenye zekhompuyutha zisebenza kanjani ndawonye kuyinto edonsa ukunaka kwethu. Kulesi sihloko uzokwazi, ngenxa yolwazi olunembile nolwazi oluningiliziwe, yiziphi izingxenye zekhompiyutha?, Futhi izici zemisebenzi yayo eyinhloko.
Izingxenye zekhompyutha
Emishinini ehlukene njengamakhompiyutha kunezinto ezimbili ezibalulekile, okuyisakhiwo somzimba kanye nohlelo lwazo lwangaphakathi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye zekhompuyutha zisungulwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe ezibizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe obuthambile kanye nobuchwepheshe obuqinile.
Nakuba lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe zihlukile komunye nomunye. Ubuchwepheshe obuqinile angeke bube khona ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe obuthambile, futhi ubuchwepheshe obuthambile abusho lutho uma ubuchwepheshe obuqinile bebungekho. Ngaphezu kwezingxenye kukhona ezinye Izesekeli zekhompyutha.
Ikhompyutha
Umshini wokuqala onikezwe igama njengekhompyutha wasungulwa ngo-1938. Lobu buchwepheshe baba nokuziphendukela kwemvelo okukhulu ngenxa yenkampani yaseMelika i-IBM, phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili ngo-1944. Ekuqaleni, kwakuyimishini ye-analog futhi ukusebenza kwayo kwakuyi-electromechanical. . Lezi zingxenye ze-electromechanical bezithathelwa indawo amakhadi e-elekthronikhi futhi amasekethe ahlanganisiwe ayevela.
Isicelo sokuqala ikhompuyutha eyayinaso kwakungesokusetshenziswa kwezempi, futhi kwaze kwaba ngu-1977 lapho inkampani yakwa-Apple yethula ikhompuyutha yokuqala ukuze isetshenziswe umuntu siqu.
Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhompiyutha: ama-laptops, ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu kanye namayunithi aphakathi. Ngokuvamile, lezo ezisetshenziselwa umuntu siqu yilezo ezigcinwa ezindaweni ezifana nehhovisi futhi ezingenakususwa kalula. Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-laptops aziwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuthi "i-laptop".
Imiklamo nokwakheka kwazo kudume ngokuhluke kakhulu. Ama-laptops avame ukuba nomklamo ohlangene futhi zonke izingxenye zawo zihlanganiswe necala. Ngokungafani namakhompyutha omuntu siqu, izingxenye zawo zihlukaniswa futhi zixhunywe ngamakhebula. Nakuba, sezivele zikhona emakethe, njengamakhibhodi namagundane, ezisebenza ngaphandle kwentambo.
Amayunithi amaphakathi asetshenziswa kakhulu emazingeni ezimboni. Aziwa njengama-supercomputers, ayakwazi ukucubungula inani elikhulu ledatha ngesivinini esikhulu. Uma kubhekwa lokhu, izindleko zayo ziphezulu kakhulu.
Hardware
Bonke izingxenye zekhompuyutha yomuntu siqu kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle, okuyingxenye yesakhiwo sayo somzimba. Ingxenye ngayinye ingabonakala njengezitho zomzimba womuntu, nakuba zonke zakhiwe izicubu ezifanayo, azifezi umsebenzi ofanayo.
Endabeni yamakhompiyutha, izakhi ezakha i-hardware yilezi: ikhabhinethi, i-monitor, igundane, ikhibhodi, izikhulumi. Futhi, izingxenye zayo zangaphakathi ezifana nekhadi levidiyo, i-motherboard, i-CPU, ukunikezwa kwamandla, phakathi kwabanye.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngenkathi izinga lalezi zingxenye likhuphuka, intengo yazo iyanda.
Software
Iyingxenye yezingxenye zekhompiyutha, kodwa uhlobo lobuchwepheshe obuthambile. Wonke angama-algorithms kanye nezinqubo ezinengqondo ezithuthukiswa izingxenye lapho zifaka futhi zithola ulwazi. Ukuqhubeka nesibonelo somzimba womuntu, izitho zingase zibe khona, kodwa wuhlelo lwangaphakathi oluzitshela ukuthi kufanele zisebenze kanjani. Yonke imifuziselo kagesi nezinqubo zamakhemikhali ezenzeka kusukela ebuchosheni kuya ezithweni nezinhlelo ezingena esenzweni ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo, ziyingxenye yalokho esikubiza ngokuthi isofthiwe.
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, ubuchwepheshe obuthambile, kulokhu isofthiwe, ngeke yenze umqondo uma bekungekho ubuchwepheshe obuqinile, noma i-hardware. Futhi ngokufanayo, i-hardware ilahlekelwa ingqikithi yayo uma ingenayo isofthiwe yokuyilawula.
Amasistimu wokusebenza asetshenziswa kakhulu yilawa:
- Windows
- Linux
- Android
- I-MacOS
- iOS
Isoftware ukuxhumana okukhona phakathi kwezinhlelo nehardware. Ukuze ukuxhumana okunjalo kube khona, bobabili basebenzisa ulimi lokuhlela. Ngokuvamile, izilimi zokuhlela zanamuhla zisezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lolu limi lufana nalolu esilusebenzisayo thina bantu, ulimi lwemvelo, okuvumela abahleli bezinhlelo ukuthi benze imisebenzi yabo kalula.
Isofthiwe ingabuye ibhalwe ngolimi lomhlangano, okuwulimi lokuhlela olusezingeni eliphansi.
Izingxenye zekhompyutha
Okulandelayo, sizoqala ukuchaza ingxenye ngayinye yekhompiyutha nemisebenzi yayo. Sikubona kufanelekile ukukhuluma kuqala ngengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yekhompiyutha, okuwubuchopho olwaziwa ngokuthi yi-CPU.
Iyunithi Yokusebenza Ephakathi
Yaziwa kangcono njenge-CPU, ngesifinyezo sayo ngesiNgisi "Central Processing Unit". I-Central Processing Unit ingenye yezingxenye zekhompyutha ezingaphakathi kweKhabhinethi.
Izingxenye ezifana ne-RAM, ikhadi levidiyo, ukunikezwa kwamandla, phakathi kwezinye zingatholakala kuyunithi yesistimu. Lezi zingxenye zivame ukuxhunywa endaweni ebiyelwe ngezintambo kanye/noma nezimbobo. Isibonelo, imbobo ye-USB (Universal Serial Bus), evame ukutholakala ezinhlangothini zekhompuyutha ephathekayo noma ngemuva kwekhompyutha evamile.
Kunamabhulokhi amathathu amakhulu okusebenza ku-Central Processing Unit: iyunithi yokucubungula, iyunithi yokulawula, kanye nebhasi lokufaka / lokuphumayo.
Iyunithi yokucubungula:
Yiwona ophethe ukwenza izinkomba eziyalelwe uphiko olulawulayo. Le yunithi yona ineyunithi ye-Arithmetic Logic (ALU):
Iyunithi ye-arithmetic enengqondo:
I-Arithmetic Logic Units iphethe ukwenza izinqubo ze-arithmetic, ezifana nokuhlanganisa nokukhipha noma ukushintsha uphawu, okungukuthi, imisebenzi yezibalo elula. Futhi ngokufanayo, imisebenzi enengqondo njengokuthi HHAYI, KANYE, NOMA, XOR, ukuqhathanisa kancane, noma amashifu, noma ukuzungezisa.
I-CPU yamanje noma ama-microprocessors anama-cores amaningana, futhi umongo ngamunye unamayunithi amaningana okubulala, futhi lawa mayunithi anamayunithi ambalwa e-Arithmetic Logic.
Nakuba, futhi, I-Arithmetic Logic Units ingatholakala kumakhadi okucubungula izithombe zevidiyo, aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amakhadi wevidiyo. Ubuhle bengxenye ngayinye yokuba namayunithi ayo e-Arithmetic Logic ngokuzimela ukuthi azikho izinsiza ezisetshenziswa ku-Central Processing Unit.
CU
Lawa mayunithi okulawula abheka ama-algorithms noma iziqondiso ku-hard disk, azihumushe noma azihlukanise futhi azenze, kusetshenziswa Iyunithi Yokucubungula.
Okokufaka kweBHASI / okukhiphayo:
Lezi zindlela zokuxhumana zinesibopho sokusungula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye zekhompyutha.
Isitoreji
Ukusebenza kwekhompyutha kuchazwa isivinini sayo sokucubungula, isibuyekezo sesofthiwe, nenkumbulo yangaphakathi. Lezi zintathu zihlobene nokugcinwa kwekhompyutha.
Ikhompyutha iyakwazi ukugcina ukwaziswa ngisho nalapho icishiwe. Izingxenye ezimbili ezifeza umsebenzi wokugcina i-hard disk drive kanye nememori khadi ye-RAM.
I-Hard Disk
Yaziwa nangamagama afana ne-Hard Drive noma i-Hard Disk Drive, kodwa edume kakhulu ngokuthi i-Hard Drive. Iphethe ukugcina lonke ulwazi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, izinhlelo namafayela akhona kukhompyutha.
Igama le-hard disk livela eqinisweni lokuthi yakhiwe ngediski eyodwa noma ngaphezulu eqinile eyenziwe noma embozwe ngento ethile kazibuthe. Lawa madiski abekwe elinye phezu kwelinye futhi ulwazi alugcinayo luqoshwa ngozibuthe.
Imemori ye-RAM
Inkumbulo Yokufinyelela Okungahleliwe, noma inkumbulo yokufinyelela engahleliwe, inomsebenzi wokulondoloza ulwazi oluphathwayo okwamanje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isebenza ngolwazi lwesikhashana, ihlinzeka ngenzuzo yokuthola ngokushesha idatha esetshenzwayo okwamanje.
Ukwazi ukuvula izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, nokuthi zombili zisebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokuphahlazeka kwekhompyutha yethu, kubangelwa inkumbulo ye-RAM. Kungakho kubalulekile ukunaka lapho uthenga ikhompyutha noma uthenga ikhadi le-RAM umthamo walo wokugcina.
Lonke ulwazi olukhona kumemori ye-RAM lapho sicisha ikhompuyutha yethu luyasulwa ngokushesha. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, umsebenzi wayo ukugcina idatha yangaleso sikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igcina ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe amafayela noma izinhlelo, kodwa hhayi ifayela noma uhlelo ngokwalo, kodwa idatha edingekayo kuphela.
I-CD drive
Ngaphambi kwama-CD, amakhompyutha ayene-floppy disk slot. Kamuva, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile kanye nezidlali ze-CD zenziwa futhi kamuva nezimbobo ze-USB. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe be-CD buyaqhubeka nokuvela ngakho-ke amadrayivu e-CD ayaqhubeka nokuba yingxenye ye izingxenye ze-laptop.
Ngokungafani ne-diskette slot, kunzima kakhulu ukuthi i-CD drive iphele, okungenani okwamanje ngeke kube njalo, ngoba uma sinomshini wokushisa we-CD, singakwazi ukusekela ulwazi olukubo, ukuze uma idiski kanzima, ngeke silahlekelwe idatha ebalulekile.
Mouse
Noma ihunyushelwe ku-Spanish, igundane lisebenza njengomhlahlandlela wesikhombi esisibona kumonitha yethu. Lesi sikhombi senza umsebenzi wokuvula / ukuvala, ukukhetha / ukukhipha, ukwenza kusebenze / ukuvala, izinhlelo zokusebenza noma imiyalo kanye nemisebenzi yangaphakathi yohlelo, iwindi noma uhlelo.
Igama layo livela ekufaneni kwayo nalesi silwane esincane. Ukuma kwayo kuyindilinga futhi ixhuma kuyunithi yesistimu isebenzisa ikhebula. Iqukethe izinkinobho ezimbili, eyodwa eyinhloko (kwesokunxele), neyodwa yesibili (kwesokudla). Amagundane asanda kufika emakethe awanawaya, okusho ukuthi awadingi ikhebula ukuze axhumeke, futhi inamasondo okuskrolela phezulu naphansi efasiteleni noma esikrinini.
Ikhibhodi
Ikhompiyutha igqugquzelwa umshini wokubhala, futhi njengoba sazi kahle ukuthi yayinezinkinobho ezazinezinombolo, izinhlamvu nezimpawu zokuloba eziqoshwe kuzo. Ikhibhodi iyingxenye yezingxenye zekhompyutha, ezifana nomshini wokubhala, onezinkinobho ezifaka izimpawu ezifanayo. Nakuba, ikhibhodi iphinde ibe nezinkinobho ezikhethekile ezivumela ukungena kwemiyalo yezinhlelo, njengezinkinobho zika-Shift, Ctrl, Alt kanye ne-Alt Gr.
Okhiye bangahlukaniswa kanje:
Okhiye bomsebenzi
Atholakala phezulu. Ukusuka ku-F1 kuye ku-F12, angokhiye abenza imisebenzi eyahlukene kuye ngokuthi asetshenziswa kuphi. Isibonelo, ewindini le-inthanethi, ukhiye we-F5 uzovuselela ulwazi futhi ukhiye we-F6 uzokhetha isixhumanisi sokuzulazula. Manje, kudokhumenti laba khiye ababili abafezi umsebenzi ofanayo.
Ikhiphedi yezinombolo
Ivamise ukutholakala ngakwesokudla samakhibhodi, inezinkinobho zokufaka izinombolo nezimpawu zezibalo ezilula ezifana no-"+, -, *, /". Kumalaptop lawa makhi acushwa kusetshenziswa omunye ukhiye okhethekile obizwa ngokuthi FN.
Okhiye bokuzulazula
Bangokhiye bemicibisholo abasivumela ukuthi siye phezulu, phansi, kwesokunxele nakwesokudla esikrinini. Laba okhiye batholakala eduze kwekhiphedi yezinombolo.
Iphrinta
Iyingxenye yangaphandle futhi ubukhona bayo noma cha bukhawulela ukusebenza kwekhompyutha. Le divayisi iyakwazi ukudlulisa idatha oyifunayo ephepheni, okuhlanganisa izithombe nokubhala.
Izipikha
Kwaziwa nangokuthi izipikha noma amakhonethi. Kuvamile ukuzithola zihlanganiswe kuma-laptops, nakuba zingaxhunywa kukhompyutha ngekhebula noma ngaphandle kwentambo. Okuwukuphela kwensiza yayo ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwemisindo noma okulalelwayo.
Imodemu
Le ngxenye ingabhekwa njengefaneleka kakhulu njengedivayisi yesevisi ye-inthanethi. Kodwa, siyifaka kulolu hlu lwezingxenye zekhompiyutha, njengoba namuhla iqiniso lokuthi ikhompuyutha ayinakho uxhumano lwe-inthanethi kulinganiselwe kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwayo.
Amakhompyutha ngokuvamile anembobo ye-Ethernet evumela imodemu ukuthi ixhume kukhompyutha isebenzisa intambo ekhethekile ebizwa nge-UTP. Uma kungenjalo, uthi olukwazi ukusungula uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi lufakwe ukuze lufinyelele i-inthanethi ngaphandle kwentambo.
Gada
Imonitha ingxenye yekhompuyutha ebonisa ukusebenzelana komsebenzisi. Ekuqaleni, amasignali athunyelwa ku-opharetha ayesebenzisa izibani. Kwabe sekuvela amakhadi e-punch. Kamuva, kwavela ama-teletypes, ayehlanganisa ukusetshenziswa komshini wokubhala othumela ukwaziswa ngekhebula ephrinta. Ekugcineni, phakathi neminyaka yama-70 kwadalwa abaqaphi bokuqala.
Uyakha kanjani ikhompuyutha?
Uma sesethule ezinye zezingxenye zekhompiyutha ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni kwayo, sizochaza ngendlela elula ukuthi ikhompyutha ingahlanganiswa kanjani.
Kusukela kulo mzuzu ulwazi olulandelayo lunikezelwe kulabo abathanda ukuzilibazisa abafisa ukuhlanganisa ikhompyutha yabo. Futhi isimemo sabo, abangathandi ukuthenga amakhompiyutha asevele ehlangene, ukuqhubeka nokufunda, ngoba ngokuqinisekile isikhwama sakho singasijabulela uma siqhathanisa izindleko zekhompiyutha esivele ihlangene, lapho uthenga izingxenye ngazinye futhi sizihlanganisa ngokwethu. .
Kufanele ngizikhethe kanjani izingxenye zekhompyutha?
Nakuba kungadingi ulwazi olujulile noma lobuchwepheshe mayelana nokusebenza kwengxenye ngayinye, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi izidingo zaleyo naleyo ngxenye. Ukuhambisana phakathi kwamadivayisi kuzoncika kulokhu.
Sizoqala ngengxenye ebaluleke kunazo zonke futhi ezochaza izici okufanele abanye babe nazo.
Ukukhetha i-CPU
Okokuqala, kufanele sichaze ukusetshenziswa esifuna ukukunikeza ikhompuyutha yethu. Uma kuyikhompyutha kuzoba ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwedatha okuphansi. Kusuka lapha singakhetha ngobuhlakani Iyunithi yethu Emaphakathi Yokucubungula.
I-Central Processing Unit iphrosesa noma ubuchopho bekhompyutha. Yebo, umgomo wethu kufanele kube ukuthi ikhompuyutha yethu iphendule ngokushesha. Lesi sivinini sizoncika ku-GHz ye-Central Processing Unit, futhi-ke, njengoba ine-GHz engaphezulu, izindleko zizokhula.
Ngokunjalo, kukhona isici se-x32 noma i-x64 Central Processing Unit. Futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile nge-x86 kodwa sifuna ukuthatha ithuba ukucacisa ukuthi ibhekisela ku-x32 ngokwayo. Lawa manani avela endleleni idatha egcinwa ngayo, okungukuthi, ulwazi lugcinwa kumabhulokhi noma izingcezu zamabhithi angu-32 noma amabhithi angu-64.
Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zokugcina ukuthi i-x64 Central Processing Units inohlelo oluhlukile lokucubungula. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zifinyelele isivinini esiphezulu kune-x32 CPU. Ngendlela efanayo, ama-x32 Central Processing Units avumela kuphela inkumbulo ye-RAM efika ku-4 GB, kuyilapho lawo e-x64 evumela inkumbulo ephakeme.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ukuthi i-Central Processing Unit ine-fan epholile noma ehlanganisiwe. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka uthenge eyodwa, njengoba kubalulekile ukuthi i-Central Processing Unit ibe nokupholisa njalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amasekhethi ayo angaphakathi nahlanganisiwe ajwayele ukushisa, futhi awakutholi ukupholisa okufanele.
I-Motherboard
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, i-Central Processing Unit iyona ezonquma izici zezinye izingxenye phakathi kwezingxenye zamakhompiyutha eziphinde zibe nomthelela ekukhethweni kwamanye amadivaysi yi-motherboard.
I-motherboard, i-motherboard noma ibhodi elikhulu yilapho zonke izingxenye zekhompyutha zizoxhunywa khona. Ngendlela efanayo, isungula amanani nezinhlobo zezinkumbulo ze-RAM namayunithi ediski esingawasebenzisa. Ngokufanayo, ichaza ukuthi yiliphi ikhadi levidiyo elihambisanayo.
I-ROM (Inkumbulo Efundwayo Kuphela) ihlanganiswe ebhodini lomama. Ngokungafani ne-RAM, i-ROM iqukethe ulwazi olungenakusulwa noma lubhalwe kabusha, kodwa lufundeke kuphela. Phakathi kwalolo lwazi lokufunda kuphela i-firmware ye-BIOS. Le firmware yilapho ukuhlaziya ikhibhodi, amadivayisi kanye nevidiyo kwenziwa. Kulapho futhi uhlelo lokusebenza lulayishwa khona noma lulondolozwe.
Ebhodini lomama ungathola:
- Izixhumi zokuphakela amandla
- Isokhethi Yeyunithi Yokucubungula Okukodwa noma eminingi
- Izikhala ze-RAM
- Amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe noma ama-chipset.
Imemori ye-RAM
Ungakanani usayizi we-RAM uzoncika ezinhlelweni esizosebenzisa kuzo ikhompuyutha yethu. Isibonelo, uma ukusetshenziswa kwethu okuyinhloko kuzoba ukuhlela ividiyo noma imidlalo yevidiyo enezithombe ze-HD, sizodinga imemori ye-RAM engaphezu kuka-4GB. .
Yebo sidinga i-RAM ephezulu engu-4GB, ngokushesha lokho kuthinta uhlobo lwe-Central Processing Unit esizoyidinga, njengoba kuzodingeka sithole eyodwa ye-x64. Kungakho, njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuthola kuqala ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lohlelo ikhompyutha yethu ezoba nalo.
Ngokufanayo, kufanele sicabangele izidingo ezincane osicela zona ngohlelo lokusebenza esilufunayo. Isibonelo, okwakamuva Windows 10 isibuyekezo sinezidingo ezilandelayo:
- I-X86 CPU; x64 (kunconyiwe)
- Inkumbulo ye-RAM x32: 1 GB; x64: 2GB; x64: 4GB (kunconyiwe)
- Isikhala SeDiski Enzima: x32: 16GB; x64: 20GB (izinguqulo ezindala); x32 kanye ne-x64: 32GB (inguqulo 1903 noma yakamuva)
Ukushayela kanzima
Sikhulume kanjani ngenhla ingxenye yekhompyutha ephethe ukulondoloza ulwazi kanye nedatha efanayo. Idatha okufanele idonse ukunaka kwethu kule ngxenye isivinini sokuxhuma, isitoreji kanye nesivinini se-RPM.
Futhi, kuyatholakala ukuthi i-hard disk kufanele itholwe kuye ngokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza oluzonikezwa ikhompuyutha yethu. Uma sizoyisebenzisela ukuhlela amavidiyo, izithombe zemidlalo yevidiyo, isisindo sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene kanye nezibuyekezo zazo ezizayo kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Khona-ke, kuye ngezinhlelo zokusebenza esizozisebenzisa, indawo yokugcina ye-hard disk yethu kufanele ikhethwe. Ngokuvamile i-hard drive engu-160GB ingasisebenzela ukuze siyisebenzise ngokunesizotha.
Isivinini sokuxhuma sincike ezingeni ehlelwe ngalo. Futhi, kuzoncika ebhodini lethu le-motherboard kanye neminyango okufanele yenze uxhumano kwi-hard disk.
Okokugcina, njengoba sishilo, i-hard drive yethu iyisisetshenziswa esakhiwe ngamadiski azungeza ngesivinini. Lesi sivinini sivumela ukufundwa ngokushesha okukhulu noma okuncane kolwazi nedatha yezinhlelo. Lokhu kuhumusha isivinini esikhulu noma esincane sokusabela sekhompyutha yethu.
Ibhodi lomsindo
Kubuye kube isandiso esixhuma ebhodini lomama, laziwa ngegama lekhadi lomsindo, elifeza umsebenzi wokucubungula umsindo. Kuye ngepuleti esilikhethayo sizoba nemisindo ye-stereo kusuka phezulu kuya kwekhwalithi ephansi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma singenalo ikhadi lomsindo, ikhompuyutha yethu ngeke ikwazi ukukhipha umsindo.
Kodwa-ke, leli bhodi ngokuvamile selivele lihlanganiswe ebhodini le-motherboard, ngakho kuye ngokuthi i-motherboard oyithengayo, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uthenge ikhadi elizwakalayo elihlukile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele uma i-motherboard oyikhethile inaleli khadi lomsindo elakhelwe ngaphakathi. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka uthenge ikhadi lomsindo elihlukile futhi uqiniseke ukuthi i-motherboard inechweba lokuxhuma ikhadi lomsindo.
Ikhadi levidiyo
Namuhla, kuvamile ukubona ukuthi amabhodi omama asevele enekhadi levidiyo elakhelwe ngaphakathi, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwanele. Lawa makhadi aletha okungenani inkumbulo engu-1 GB, esebenza njenge-RAM ehlukile. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi ukusebenzisa ikhadi levidiyo elihlanganisiwe kuzodla izinsiza ezivela ku-Central Processing Unit yethu.
Amakhadi evidiyo noma ezithombe awagcini nje ngokuba nememori yawo ye-RAM, kodwa futhi anesistimu yawo yokupholisa, futhi ahlukanise ukunikezwa kwamandla. Zonke izingxenye ezikuleli khadi zinikezelwe ngokukhethekile ekucubunguleni izithombe zevidiyo.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla
Ukunikezwa kwamandla kuphethe ukunika impilo ingxenye ngayinye yekhompuyutha. Cabanga ngomzimba womuntu, amandla kagesi angafaniswa negazi elimpontshwa.
Amandla kagesi anesibopho sokulungisa i-voltage isuka ku-110 VAC iye ku-12 VDC. Ekukhetheni, kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi i-W esetshenziswe ingxenye ngayinye ingaphakelwa umthombo wamandla.
Namuhla, sekuvele kunemithombo yamandla ehlanganisa zonke lezi zidingo. Isizukulwane esisha samandla kagesi esibizwa nge-atx power supply, okusho ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obunwetshiwe.
Kusele kuphela ukunakekela noma ukubona i-voltage yokufaka evunyelwe umthombo wethu wamandla. Uma kuyi-220VAC noma kuyi-110VAC, ukuze sazi ukuthi iyiphi indawo lapho singaxhuma khona ikhompuyutha yethu ngaphandle kokuyilimaza.
Fan
Okokugcina, ngokujwayelekile izinto zikagesi sezivele zinesistimu yokupholisa abalandeli noma yokupholisa. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuba nohlelo oluhle lokupholisa ukuze kugcinwe zonke izingxenye zekhabhinethi zipholile. Uma kungenjalo, kunobungozi bokuthi izingxenye ezifana ne-CPU, ezivamise ukushisa lapho isebenza, zingalimala.
Noma bonke abalandeli bethu bezohlala benogesi we-VDC ongu-12 njengesici, ubukhulu babo buvame ukushintsha. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ubukhulu begebe elikhona kukhabhinethi eklanywe ngokukhethekile ukuze isiphephetha-moya singene ukuze sithole isipholile esiyiso sabalandeli.
Iziphetho
Akungabazeki ukuthi amakhompyutha aba enye yezinto ezidingekayo kakhulu ekuphileni kwabantu. Futhi kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yekhompiyutha ixhumana kanjani futhi isebenze ndawonye, ​​ikwazi ukuba yithuluzi lethu eliyinhloko lomsebenzi.
Umehluko omkhulu ekuthengeni amakhompyutha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ahlanganiswe efekthri noma azihlanganisele wona, ukuthi izindleko zehliswa ngoba asiwukhokheli umsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa amakhompiyutha ethu ngokwethu kusivumela ukuthi siwahlele ngokwezidingo zethu.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lapho uthenga izingxenye zekhompyutha ngokwehlukana ukuthi konke kuncike ekusetshenzisweni esifuna ukukunikeza. Futhi, ukuthi zonke izakhi kufanele zihambisane nezinye nokuthi zonke izinketho zethu kufanele ziqale ku-Central Processing Unit noma i-CPU. Lapha sikushiyela le vidiyo ehambisanayo endabeni yesihloko.