Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, kube nezimo zokuhlaselwa ngamagciwane, lapho imininingwane kanye nedatha yomuntu siqu yomsebenzisi ngisho nenkampani ibiwe, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona izincomo zokuphepha kwamakhompyutha. Lapha sichaza izinyathelo ezingathathwa ukuthola idatha enkulu nokuphepha kwemininingwane
Izincomo zokuphepha kwe-IT
Noma ngabe enkampanini, enkampanini, enkampanini noma enhlanganweni kuhlale kunosongo lokuhlaselwa nge-cyber, kuba ukukhathazeka kubaninizo ngenxa yokwanda kwalokhu kuhlaselwa kwe-malware kusukela ukwebiwa kwemininingwane, ukudunwa kohlelo, phakathi kokunye, lokhu kungani kubalulekile ukuba nokuvikeleka ohlelweni lwenkampani.
Okunye ukuhlaselwa okungaba khona ohlelweni ugaxekile omkhulu, ukutheleleka ngamakhompyutha nokwebiwa kwedatha, ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwakho konke lokhu ukuthi nsuku zonke kubonakala sengathi ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka kokulimaza izinkampani nezinkampani kuyanda, ngenxa yalokhu isimo, inkampani ngayinye inomkhakha okhethekile kwezokuphepha kohlelo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi inqubekela phambili ulimi ebinayo ezinhlelweni, khona-ke kuyanconywa ukuthi uye kuyo Umlando wezilimi zokuhlela, ekhombisa amaphuzu abalulekile nemicimbi emake lolu hlobo lolimi lohlelo emlandweni
Kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi ngaphakathi kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo kunemifantu, okuyilapho kwenzeka khona ukuhlaselwa kwe-cybernetic, ngoba lokho kudinga ukuthi kwakhiwe noma kusungulwe imigoqo ukugwema noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwemininingwane ebalulekile, ngaleyo ndlela ukuphepha okukhulu kuqinisekisiwe enkampanini noma ngabe yinhlangano enkulu noma encane.
Amathiphu
Ukunciphisa ukuhlaselwa, kunconywa ukuthi babe nobuchwepheshe obusha, ngoba banokuvikelwa kunoma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa yi-virus, ngendlela efanayo, ukuvuselelwa njalo kohlelo kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kube nokuvikelwa okukhonjisiwe ngoba izinhlobo ezintsha zegciwane ukwenza izinsongo nokuhlaselwa.
Uma unekhompyutha futhi ufuna ukufaka amadivayisi kepha ungazi ukuthi iyiphi, kuyanconywa ukuthi ufunde i-athikili Okokufaka nokukhipha amadivayisi, lapho kukhonjiswa khona izibonelo zamadivayisi afakwayo bese kuthi nawo akhishwe
Ukuhlaselwa ngamagciwane kungadala izindleko nokulahleka, kube yingozi kwezinye izinkampani, kepha ngalokho kunezincomo zokuphepha kwamakhompiyutha ezivumela ithuba lokugwema noma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa kohlelo, okuboniswe ngezansi ukuze ube nolwazi lokuthi ungalusebenzisa kanjani lolu hlobo yokuphepha enkampanini:
Sebenzisa uhlobo olusha lwe-antivirus
- Kubalulekile ukugcina ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lwe-antivirus noma inguqulo kumakhompyutha nakumadivayisi
- Kumele ifakwe ukuze isebenze kumakhompyutha ukuze ihlaziywe
- Ngale ndlela, noma yiliphi igciwane elitholakala kumakhompyutha lingatholakala futhi linamandla okuliqeda.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi ikhompyutha ngayinye etholakalayo enkampanini ine-antivirus, ngoba uma umuntu engenayo, amathuba okuhlaselwa yigciwane ayanda
- Ngokuya ngegciwane, kufanele ubheke inguqulo enamandla kakhulu ye-antivirus
- Ukuvuselelwa ku-antivirus kufanele kwenziwe ukugwema noma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa
Nikeza ukuphepha kumanethiwekhi
- I-firewall enhle kufanele isetshenziselwe ukunikeza ukuvikeleka okukhulu nokuvikeleka ekufinyeleleni kwenethiwekhi yangasese
- Ukukhulisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, imininingwane ethunyelwe ngenethiwekhi kufanele ibethelwe
- Uma kwenzeka lezi zeluleko zingasungulwa, kungenzeka ukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu ongamazi angene ohlelweni futhi aqhube isifundo bese entshontsha idatha ngawo wonke amadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi efanayo.
Nikeza ukuvikelwa kwenethiwekhi yakho engenantambo - i-WiFi
- Iphasiwedi kufanele isethwe kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi
- Kunconywa futhi ukuthi le phasiwedi ibe yinde futhi ingabikezeli
- Uma unecala lokuthi abantu abaningi bavakashela indawo onenethiwekhi ye-WiFi, iphasiwedi akufanele kwabelwane ngayo ngaphandle kokuthi kungumuntu othenjiwe
- Yiba nemingcele esunguliwe yokuthi ubani ongafinyelela kule nethiwekhi
- Kunconywa ukufihla i-SSID yenethiwekhi
- Unekhono lokuhlunga ukufinyelela ngekheli le-MAC.
Qaphela lapho ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi kwenziwa khona
- Noma yikuphi ukuxhumana kwenye inethiwekhi evulekile ye-WiFi kufanele kugwenywe
- Amanethiwekhi omphakathi abonakala ngokungavikeleki okuncane, okwandisa amathuba okuhlaselwa kwe-cyber
- Lapho kwenziwa noma kusungulwa ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, kunconywa ukuthi kube kusuka kunethiwekhi ebethelwe
- Ungabelana ngemininingwane yedivayisi yakho ukuze ungasebenzisi inethiwekhi yomphakathi
- Kuyalulekwa futhi ukusebenzisa i-VPN
- Uma kwenzeka usebenzisa i-laptop kwenye yalezi zinethiwekhi ezivulekile, kunconywa ukuthi ungabi nemininingwane ebalulekile yenkampani
Yenza izibuyekezo kumakhompyutha axhumeke kunethiwekhi
- Kufanele wazi ukuthi isoftware oyisebenzisayo ine-update
- Kufanele futhi uhlole izinguquko ezisetshenziswe ohlelweni lokusebenza bese wenza isibuyekezo futhi
- Uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye kumakhompyutha kufanele lube nokubuyekezwa kwakamuva okutholakalayo
- Yiba nanoma yisiphi isichibi sokuphepha esitholakalayo ngesibuyekezo esenziwe
- I-database yegciwane ibalulekile ukuze ibe nokuvuselelwa kwayo
Uhlelo lokusebenza akufanele lufakwe kwizixhumanisi ezingaziwa
- Kunconywa ukuthi ungafaki kusuka emithonjeni engaziwa
- Futhi awukwazi ukulanda izinhlelo namafayela emakhasini ongenalo ulwazi noma ireferensi
- Uma kwenzeka ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lohlelo lulandwe kusixhumanisi esisolisayo, kungenzeka ukuthi kulandwe igciwane nokuthi lifakwe kukhompyutha, kulimaze uhlelo
Lungiselela ukukhiya kwedivayisi
- Kunconywa ukuthi kusungulwe ukumiswa kohlelo ukuvikela idatha kanye nenethiwekhi yenkampani
- Lapho isikhathi sidlula lapho kungekho msebenzi kukhompyutha, kuyasungulwa ukuthi isikrini sikhiywa ngokuzenzakalela
- Ukuvula isikrini, kungakuhle ukusetha iphasiwedi ukukhulisa ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwedatha yakho.
- Uma kwenzeka ukuthi leli bhulokhi lingasungulwa, kunethuba lokuthi igciwane lizolandwa ngenkathi lingekho kukhompyutha bese lintshontsha lonke ulwazi nemininingwane egcinwe kumakhompyutha nakumadivayisi.
Ungaxhumi amadrayivu angaphandle kumakhompyutha
- Kunconywa ukusetha i-antivirus ukwenza ukuskena kudivayisi ye-USB exhunywe kwikhompyutha ngokuzenzekelayo nangaphambi kokuvula noma yimaphi amafayela
- Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ukhubaze ukudlala ngokuzenzekelayo kokugcina nge-USB okuxhunywe kwikhompyutha.
- Xhuma kuphela amadivayisi wesitoreji anokuvikela okuphelele okungalethi noma okungenalo uhlobo lwegciwane
- Ngaphambi kokuvula noma iyiphi idokhumenti, i-antivirus kufanele isebenze kudivayisi ye-USB ngesandla
Yenza isipele
- Esinye sezincomo ezinkulu zokuphepha kwamakhompyutha ukwenza ikhophi eyisipele yawo wonke amakhompyutha namadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi
- Isetshenziselwa ukwenza isipele kuyo yonke idatha nayo yonke imininingwane ebalulekile ephethwe yimishini
- Izilungiselelo zesipele kufanele zisethwe ngokuzenzakalela
- Kukhompuyutha nakudivayisi ngayinye okukuyo inkampani kufanele kube nokuvikela ukuvikela noma yikuphi ukulahleka kwemininingwane
- Ngokuya ngohlelo onalo, le nqubo ingahluka
- Kufanele kubhekwane nayo kuphela ekucushweni kohlelo futhi ikhophi lenziwa ukukhulisa ukuphepha kwedatha
Sebenzisa ifu ngenkuthalo
- Kufanele usebenzise izinsizakalo ezinikezwa ifu online
- Ingenye yezincomo eziyinhloko zokuphepha kwekhompyutha
- Kufanele usebenzise ngokunenzuzo le nsizakalo enayo ukuvikela imininingwane, imininingwane kanye nemibhalo ebalulekile.
- Iphinde ixazulule izinkinga zokuhlaselwa okungenzeka kwenkampani
- Amaphasiwedi kufanele asethwe ngendlela evikelekile
- Yehlisa ukulahleka kwemininingwane kanye nemibhalo yenkampani
- Inika kalula ukufinyelela kwemibhalo noma kuphi lapho kunesimo sokufaka iphasiwedi elungile
Ukulawula - konke ukufinyelela kumishini
- Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yenkampani
- Kufanele kufakwe abantu abanegunya elihambisanayo kuphela
- Sungula abantu abangakwazi ukufinyelela ekucushweni kwezinhlelo
- Lapho ukhuluma ngokufinyelela kumadivayisi nemishini, kungenxa yomzimba okumele ivinjelwe yinkampani
- Noma yimuphi umuntu ongenagunya futhi ongena kokusebenza kufanele avunyelwe ngumthetho osunguliwe