Izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene nezici zayo

Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma nawe sikunikeze izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene; igama owake wezwa ngalo futhi ongazi kahle ukuthi libhekisela kuliphi.

Izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene

Njengamanje, kungenzeka ukuthola noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesoftware, cishe noma yini emhlabeni; kusukela kokulula, okusetshenziswa ngabasebenzisi abajwayelekile nabajwayelekile, kuya kokuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu; esetshenziswa izinkampani ezinkulu kanye nochwepheshe endaweni yolwazi nobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha. Ngisho nangokomsebenzi wayo, singathola nesoftware cishe noma yini; ngayinye inemisebenzi eyingqayizivele noma ehlukahlukene.

Lezi zinhlelo, nazo ezivame ukubizwa kanjalo, zingakhiwa ngumuntu oyedwa, iqembu labantu abazimele noma inkampani. Uma lokhu kudedelwa noma kwethulwa emakethe ngabadali, bakwenza lokho ngaphansi kwelayisense; Ngokuya ngohlobo lwemvume inikezwe isoftware, izofaneleka esigabeni esisodwa noma kwesinye.

Imvamisa, iningi labanikazi banomona ngendalo yabo futhi bazama ukukhawulela imikhiqizo yabo ngangokunokwenzeka; ukuvimbela ukuthi zingahambi mahhala kwi-intanethi noma ekusetshenzisweni. Lolu hlobo lwesoftware lwaziwa njenge- "proprietary software".

Yini isoftware?

Uma kwenzeka ungazi, sizokunikeza incazelo emfushane futhi esheshayo yokuthi leli gama, elisetshenziswa kanjani kukhompyutha nokunye, lisho ukuthini.

Isoftware ihambelana nayo yonke ingxenye "yangaphakathi" yekhompyutha, konke "okungaphatheki"; ukuze uyiqonde, uhlelo olusebenzayo, izinhlelo ozifakile ku-pc yakho, isiphequluli nakho konke okufanayo; kufana nesoftware. Yebo, sikhuluma ngendlela ejwayelekile; Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuyona nje into etholakala kuphela kumakhompyutha, kodwa futhi nakuma-Smartphones, amaphilisi noma kunoma iyiphi enye into kagesi; lezi zokugcina, ikakhulukazi zesikhathi samanje.

Isoftware iyingxenye ebalulekile yekhompyutha, ngoba empeleni iyona esivumela ukuthi senze imisebenzi nemisebenzi kumishini; uma kunjalo, sizoba nedivayisi ngaphandle kokusebenza.

Yini isoftware ephathelene?

Manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi iyini isoftware, sizokutshela ukuthi kwenzekani lapho "bephathelene", njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni kwendatshana.

Izinhlelo eziningi zinemikhawulo ethile yokuzivikela ekusetshenzisweni, zilungiswe ngandlela thile ngabasebenzisi; banesistimu yokuphepha ebekwe ngabanikazi uqobo, umuntu ovamile angakwazi ukungena kuyo; ngakho-ke kulokhu, kubaduni kungena ngubani, ngolwazi oluthile, angakwazi ukuphatha "ukwephula uhlelo."

Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu ukubona ukuthi uhlelo esilusebenzisayo luyimfihlo yini, ukuzama ukufinyelela ikhodi yalo yomthombo; uma kwenzeka singakwazi ukungena noma ngisho nokubona "ikhodi yalo yomthombo", lokhu kusinikeza inkomba yokuthi uhlelo oluphambi kwethu luyimfihlo; ngakho-ke asikwazi ukuyiguqula, ngoba ukwenza njalo, kuzofanele sikwazi ukufinyelela kule khodi eshiwo.

Ngalolu hlobo lwesoftware, ukuphela kwabantu abaphethe ukukwazi ukukhohlisa noma ukuguqula nganoma iyiphi indlela; ngisho nokufaka ikhodi yomthombo, kuzoba ngabadali abafanayo, abahleli bohlelo, abathuthukisi bohlelo olushiwo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi uma omunye umuntu ekwazi "ukwephula uhlelo" bese abanikazi bethola, isisindo somthetho singawela kumuntu; ukukhokha inhlawulo noma ngisho nokuya ejele.

Uma thina noma omunye umuntu efuna ukufinyelela ikhodi yomthombo yesoftware, kuzofanele sibe nemvume evela kumnikazi wohlelo; Kungenzeka uthole izinkampani ezinikeza abanye abasebenzisi izimvume ezithile, kepha lokhu akuvamile neze. Lokhu kuhlobene kakhulu ne-copyright, nayo esebenza lapha.

Isoftware ephathelene: izinhlobo

Ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, sishilo ukuthi kukhona ukwehluka okukhulu kwesoftware, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kakhulu okungenziwa ngakunye; Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokuphelele, futhi ngaphakathi "kwesoftware ephathelene" noma "isoftware ephathelene", njengoba kwaziwa kanjalo; kukhona nokuhlukahluka okukhulu.

Imvamisa, lolu hlobo lwesoftware ephathekayo luyakhokhwa; kungenzeka ukuthola ezinye ezingadingi inkokhelo, kepha lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Vele, kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi badinga inkokhelo ethile kithina, kubathuthukisi bohlelo; Iningi lamacala, isoftware ephathelene nokuhweba futhi yingakho idinga ukuthi thina, njengabasebenzisi, sikhokhele izinsizakalo ezinikezwayo.

Uma nganoma iyiphi ithuba, ufuna ukuthola isoftware ethile, ngoba inomsebenzi othile owudingayo futhi uyabona ukuthi lokhu, kufanele ukuthole kepha ukhokha; Izikhathi eziningi ungathola ezinye izindlela ezifeza umsebenzi ofanayo futhi ezimahhala.

Uma sesishilo okungenhla, sizokukhombisa izinhlobo eziyisi-4 zesoftware ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi futhi eziyimithombo evaliwe.

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza

Singasho ukuthi i-OS yisoftware ebaluleke kakhulu (kungaba mahhala noma iyimfihlo) kumakhompyutha, ngoba iyona ezovumela ithimba lethu ukuthi lisebenze; okunye kuzoba ukulanda izinhlelo futhi yilokho kuphela. Lesi kuzoba yisibonelo sethu sokuqala, njengoba kuzoba sobala futhi esaziwa kakhulu kubasebenzisi; izibonelo ezivame kakhulu yi-MacOS, noma iWindows uqobo, futhi yi-OS ejwayelekile kakhulu enama-PC, kungenzeka ukuthi unayo eyodwa yalezi ezimbili.

Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuze sizithole, kuzofanele sizikhokhele noma zizofakwa vele uma sithenga i-pc; ngaphezu kwalokho izofika kithi (noma ngabe siyithola kanjani) nge-serial esemthethweni, ezosivumela ukuthi "senze kusebenze" i-OS yethu.

• Iziphequluli zewebhu

Ohlelweni olusetshenziswa kakhulu nolwejwayelekile ngabasebenzisi kanye ne izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene, sinenjini yokusesha ye-Google Chrome. Yize, ukuthola lolu hlelo ngeke sidinge ukukhokha, ngoba kumahhala (ngokungafani ne-OS); Ngeke sikwazi ukufinyelela kukhodi yomthombo wayo futhi siyiguqule, ngakho-ke, yize ingadingi izindleko zokutholwa kwayo, ukufinyelela ikhodi yayo kusenqatshelwe; njengoba kunjalo, ibuye ihlukaniswe njenge-software ephathelene.

• Izinhlelo ze-Antivirus

Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo zesoftware esetshenziswa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi futhi ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba iyona ezosinika ukuvikelwa, ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa okudingekayo kwikhompyutha yethu. Cishe kuqinisekile ukuthi noma iyiphi i-antivirus, noma ngabe imahhala; Ngenye ye- izibonelo ze isoftware ephathelene, futhi-ke, kunengqondo ukuthi ukufinyelela kukhodi yayo yomthombo kuvinjelwe, ngoba lokhu kuzoyivimba ukuthi ingagqekezwa futhi ingenzi lutho olumelene namagciwane ekhompyutha ahlasela i-pc yethu; ngaphandle kwalokho, i-antivirus enokufinyelela mahhala ingaba yize.

Uma ufuna ukwazi ngezinye izindlela zokuvikela amagciwane ukuvikela i-pc yakho ekuhlaselweni nasezifweni futhi nokuthi iyaphatheka, ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha noma yikuphi, ungafunda i-athikili elandelayo: I-antivirus ephathekayo ehamba phambili ye-USB.

• Isoftware yehhovisi

Lolu wuhlobo lokugcina lwesoftware yobuningi esivame kakhulu kithi, umsebenzisi; lezo zinhlelo ezihloselwe ukusetshenziswa okuthile ehhovisi: ukubhala imibhalo, ukulungisa izethulo zama-slide, ukudala izincwajana noma omagazini, ukudala amaspredishithi, phakathi kwabanye. Impela, usuvele unekhanda lakho ukuthi yisiphi isibonelo esikhuluma ngaso futhi yebo, yiMicrosoft Office uqobo; okubandakanya izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene, ezikhethelwe umsebenzi ngamunye wehhovisi elithile.

Okungenani lezi zinhlelo ezivela enkampanini ye-Microsoft, ngesikhathi sokuthenga, umsebenzisi kufanele azikhokhele; futhi ubheka ukuthi zingumthombo ovulekile. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole izinguqulo eziphangiwe nezamahhala ku-inthanethi, okufana nokuthi besikuthengile.

Umehluko phakathi kwesoftware ephathelene nesoftware yamahhala

Isoftware yamahhala ivela njengomphumela wobukhona bezimfihlo futhi ngokungafani neyokugcina, eyokuqala uma inekhodi evulekile, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bayifinyelele (ngaphandle komkhawulo) futhi bakwazi ukuyiguqula noma ukuyishintsha ngendlela ethanda ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi igingqike ngokukhululeka kwi-intanethi, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi sizohlawuliswa nganoma yini.

Vele, lokhu kuyincazelo engacacile futhi ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke ngezansi, sizokunikeza amaphuzu athile, ukuze sikwazi ukubona kahle, yini umehluko phakathi kwazo zombili lezi zinhlelo; konke lokhu, ngaphambi kokudlulela kokunye izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene kucacisiwe.

• Amalayisensi

Leli yiphuzu lethu lokuqala futhi yilokho esikwenze ikakhulu kulo lonke udaba. Isoftware yobunikazi inomkhawulo wokufinyelela ikhodi yayo yomthombo futhi uma sikwazi, asikwazanga ukuyiguqula noma kunjalo; ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi sinokulinganiselwa okuthile maqondana nokusetshenziswa kohlelo.

Isoftware yamahhala, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isivumela ukuthi sikwazi ukufinyelela kukhodi yayo yomthombo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esifuna ngaso; Baze basivumele ukuthi siyiguqule futhi siyishintshe ngokuvumelana nokusivumela kwethu, ngaphandle kokuthola inhlawulo evela kubadali bayo, ngaphezu kokwabelana ngayo ngokukhululeka.

• Ukuthuthukiswa

Ngenkathi isoftware yobunikazi kufanele yathuthukiswe kuphela futhi kuphela ngabantu abathile abagunyazwe yinkampani (ngokwesibonelo); ngakho-ke noma yiluphi uhlobo lokubuyekezwa, ukulungiswa noma ukuthuthuka kufanele kuvele ngokusobala kulelo qembu elincane futhi thina njengabasebenzisi kufanele sililinde.

Ngokuqondene nabakhululekile, ngokufinyelela mahhala; Kungenzeka ukuthi noma ngubani, noma ngabe ungubani (inqobo nje uma ulwazi lucacile), angasiza ngokuthuthuka, ukuqaliswa kokuthuthuka nentuthuko nge-software. Isoftware ayikho ezandleni zeqembu elincane, kepha ngumphakathi wonke.

• I-Futuro

Lokhu kungenzeka kungenye yamaphoyinti aqine kakhulu futhi ahambisana kakhulu namaphuzu avezwe phambilini. Endabeni yesoftware yokuphathelene, kunengozi yokuthi ngesinye isikhathi kwenye, onjiniyela bohlelo lolo banquma, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuthi bangenzi ezinye izibuyekezo noma ukuguqulwa kohlelo.

Ukuba yilokhu okungasetshenziswanga; noma uma inkampani yonakala futhi iyekile ukuba khona, kusobala ukuthi isoftware nayo izomiswa futhi njengoba umsebenzisi ovamile engenakho ukufinyelela noma imvume yokwenza ushintsho, lolu hlelo luzohlala lunje.

Ngomlingani wayo (isoftware yamahhala), bazoba nayo, inqobo nje uma kukhona umphakathi olungele lolu hlelo, ukuvuselelwa njalo nokuvuselelwa; ngokuvumela abasebenzisi ukufinyelela mahhala nokuguqulwa kwesoftware. Kwecala lokuqala, ukuphela kwendlela lezi zinhlelo ezizimele ezingasebenziseka ngayo ukuthi enye inkampani ithole amalungelo kuyo futhi iqhubeke nomsebenzi; nge-software yamahhala, noma imuphi umuntu noma umphakathi angaqhubeka nokusebenza kulolu hlelo lokuluthuthukisa ngokuzayo.

• Izindleko

Njengoba besesikutshelile ngaphambili, iningi lesoftware ephathelene kufanele ikhokhwe; Ngaphandle kwalokho, zenzelwe ukukwazi ukwenza uhlobo oluthile lwenzuzo enkampanini yokudala futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziqhubeke nokwenza imikhiqizo eminingi nezibuyekezo eziningi, ukuze iklayenti liphoqeleke ukuthi liqhubeke nokuthenga ngokwengeziwe, ukuze kuzuze inkampani; imvamisa lezi zindlela zikhona ngokubhaliselwe, ukuvuselelwa, ukuvuselelwa kwelayisense, ukuthenga okokusebenza okusha, phakathi kwezinye izinto.

Nge-software yamahhala, emahhala, asikho isidingo sokuthi umsebenzisi kumele akhokhele okuthile okuvela kulolu hlobo lohlelo; Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingeki ukuvuselela amalayisense, noma yini efana naleyo, ngoba abadali kanye / noma abathuthukisi (laba ngabadali uqobo noma abavela komunye umphakathi obambisanayo) abafuni, futhi abanazo izinzuzo zokwenza inzuzo.

Izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene

Manje, njengoba sikutshele okuningi ngakho konke okuphathelene nalezi zinhlobo zesoftware, sizokunikeza uhlu lwezinhlelo ezithile eziwela kulesi sigaba; njengoba zivame kakhulu futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi, kungenzeka ukuthi ukunye kwalokhu.

• Microsoft Windows

Uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenza kahle kakhulu kuningi lwamakhompyutha (ama-desktops, amakhompyutha bonke-in-one nama-laptops); phambilini besesivele sikutshele ngalesi sibonelo, njengohlelo lokusebenza oluzimele; Le OS iphoqe umsebenzisi eminyakeni edlule ukuthi aguqule imishini ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuze akwazi njalo ukuvuselelwa.

Uma usumdala, uyazi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalesi simiso sokusebenza: Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8 futhi ekugcineni Windows 10; Izinhlelo eziningi zamanje sezivele zidinga okungenani i-OS, inguqulo 10 ukuze zisebenze, ngaphandle kwalokho bekungeke kusebenze.

• I-Microsoft Office

Lokhu kungenye ye- izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene; ukuthi besivele sikusho kuwe ngaphambilini, kudinga inkokhelo ukuze ukwazi ukukuthola nokukusebenzisa; Kodwa-ke, njengoba nathi sikutshelile, kungenzeka ukuthi ikuthole nge-inthanethi.

Njengesibonelo sangaphambilini, kunezinguqulo eziningi zalolu hlelo; Kepha ngokungafani nesistimu yokusebenza, asiphoqelekile ukuthi sihlale siyivuselela, kepha yiyona enconywa kakhulu, ngoba izinhlobo zamanje zinemisebenzi ethile ezindala ezingenayo.

• Photoshop

I-Adobe Photoshop isihleli sesithombe nezithombe esinqunyiwe sabathwebuli bezithombe nabaqambi, esisetshenziswa iningi labasebenzisi futhi noma sinabanye esincintisana nabo; akwanele ukukwazi ukubhekana ne-Adobe enkulu. Lesi ngesinye isibonelo sesoftware ephathelene.

• I-Norton Antivirus

Lokhu sikubeka ngokuqondile, njengesibonelo nje; kodwa-ke kunezinhlelo eziningi zama-antivirus, ezaziwa futhi futhi njengalezi: I-Avast Antivirus, i-AVG Antivirus, i-Avira Antivirus, phakathi kwabanye. Lezi zinhlelo, noma zinezinguqulo zamahhala, kuseyi-software ephathelene; kulokhu ngokukhethekile, kuyadingeka kakhulu ukuthi kube ngumthombo ovaliwe, ngoba yikho kanye okuzosinika ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwimishini yethu.

• iTunes

Kulokhu, kusuka enkampanini ye-Apple; esinye isibonelo esihle futhi esimangalisayo salolu hlobo lwesoftware, lapho ngokukhokha singajabulela cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia: umculo, amavidiyo nama-movie. Ngokubheka ukuthi, ekuqaleni, besinensizakalo yomsindo kuphela.

• Umdlalo we video

Kuleli zwe ledijithali, singathola ezinye izindlela eziningi eziwela esigabeni se- izibonelo zesoftware ephathelene; uma ungumdlali wegeyimu okhokhelwayo noma okungenani uyi-amateur, ingcweti; Uyazi ukuthi imidlalo eminingi yevidiyo ingumthombo ovaliwe, ikakhulukazi lawo ama-franchise amakhulu kunawo wonke, ezinkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-Sony, i-Capcom, i-Nintendo noma i-Microsoft.

Okokududuzwa kwe-Playstation ne-Xbox, cishe akunakwenzeka ukufinyelela ikhodi yomthombo; Kodwa-ke, kuzinguqulo ze-PC, lokhu kulula futhi ubufakazi balokhu, ama-Mods amaningi esingawathola ku-inthanethi ukuguqula isici esithile semidlalo yevidiyo.

Sizokushiyela ividiyo engezansi ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngesoftware ephathekayo futhi ube nombono ocacile futhi onembe ngokwengeziwe ngayo.