Isoftware ingenye yezinto eziyinhloko izingxenye zekhompyutha. Iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezingapheli ngokuya ngezinhlelo zekhompyutha, iyinsika yokuguqulwa kwedijithali. Nciphisa izikhathi zokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. IngabeIsebenza kanjani isoftware? Woza uthole kule ndatshana ethokozisayo.
Isebenza kanjani isoftware?
Isoftware iqoqo lezinhlelo ezisebenza ngohlelo lohlobo lwekhompyutha, ngengxenye ebonakalayo yekhompyutha, okungukuthi, ngehardware. Inhloso yalo ukufeza ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ethile edingwa ngumsebenzisi wohlelo, kungaba ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwayo ne-hardware, noma phakathi kwesoftware yohlelo lokusebenza nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zesoftware.
https://youtu.be/vB0BjbMM3k4?t=22
Kalula nje, ngaphandle kwesoftware, uhlelo lwekhompyutha belungeke lusebenze, ngoba nguyena onika imiyalo, futhi obonisa ukuthi yisiphi isenzo okufanele senziwe, nini futhi kanjani.
Izici
- Ivumela ukuxhumana nokuxhumana phakathi komshini nomsebenzisi.
- Kuyingxenye enengqondo yohlelo lwekhompyutha.
- Iqondisa imisebenzi yohlelo lwekhompyutha.
- Inokungapheli kwezinsiza, ezivuselelwa nsuku zonke ngokuya ngezidingo zabasebenzisi.
- Njengamanje, cishe zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe esizaziyo zidinga isoftware.
- Kukhona isoftware yamahhala nesoftware edinga ukukhokhelwa kwelungelo lobunikazi nelayisense.
Izinhlobo
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezikhona zesoftware. Kodwa-ke, okuvame kakhulu nokulula ukuqondakala yilokhu okulandelayo.
Isoftware yesistimu
Yisoftware ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ivumela ukuxhumana phakathi kwehardware kanye nohlelo olusebenzayo lwanoma iyiphi ikhompyutha. Ngendlela efanayo, yibo abenza ukusebenza kwemikhakha ehlukahlukene yekhompyutha kwenzeke.
Lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zibandakanya amasistimu okusebenza, amashayeli wedivayisi, amathuluzi wokuxilonga, ukulungisa kanye namathuluzi wokusebenzisa, amaseva, nezinsiza.
Isoftware yokuhlela
Bahlanganisa ulwazi lwe-logic ne-programme ukwakha nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo. Ziqukethe ikhodi yokwakha izinto ngaphakathi kohlelo lokusebenza. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwesoftware luvumela izinhlelo eziningi ukuthi zisebenze ndawonye ngasikhathi sinye.
Abahleli bombhalo, abahlanganisi, abahumushi, ama-linkers, ama-debugger, nezindawo ezihlanganisiwe zentuthuko ziyizibonelo zesoftware yohlelo.
Isoftware yesicelo
Yizinhlelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza noma izinsiza eziqondiswe kumsebenzisi wokugcina, umkhiqizo wesoftware yohlelo. Zisetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile, futhi zifeza imisebenzi ethile empilweni yansuku zonke.
Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlobo lwesoftware kunezinhlelo zezinhlelo zokulawula, izinhlelo zehhovisi, isoftware esetshenziswayo, ukulawula izinombolo futhi, ekugcineni, yonke isoftware enokusetshenziswa okuthile, okufana nemfundo, ibhizinisi, ezempilo, njll.
Ukuqonda kangcono isebenza kanjani isoftware kubalulekile ukukhomba izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamalayisense akhona.
Izinhlobo zamalayisense
Ilayisensi yesoftware iyisivumelwano esisemthethweni phakathi komkhiqizi nomsebenzisi, ngendlela yokuthi imibandela yokusetshenziswa kwayo isungulwe. Ngokuya ngemvume yesoftware ngayinye, lezi zingathengwa ezitolo ezinikezelwe ukuthengiswa kwamakhompyutha noma online.
Nazi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamalayisense akhona:
Isofthiwe yamahhala
Zingasetshenziswa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguqulwa kwayo nokusabalalisa kabusha kungenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemikhawulo.
Kopisha kwesobunxele
Zisetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-software yamahhala, kepha azikwazi ukuguqulwa noma ukusatshalaliswa kabusha ngumsebenzisi wokugcina.
I-LPG
Iyahambisana neLinux, ngakho-ke ukusatshalaliswa nokuguqulwa kwayo kunqunyelwe.
Debian
Ivumela ukwabiwa kabusha kwamahhala, kuphela lapho ikhodi yomthombo yaziwa.
BSD
Ngokuvamile, ayivezi ukulinganiselwa okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwayo, ukuguqulwa noma ukwabiwa kabusha.
Isizinda esisesidlangalaleni
Kutholakala kubo bonke abasebenzisi, ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-copyright.
Akungeneki
Ingasetshenziswa abanye abasebenzisi, kepha ayikwazi ukuguqulwa noma ukusatshalaliswa kabusha.
freeware
Ivumela ukwabiwa kabusha kwayo mahhala, kepha hhayi ukuguqulwa kwayo.
Shareware
Isatshalaliswa ngemodi yokuhlola. Ngokuvamile, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30 umsebenzisi angayithenga.
commercial
Inhloso yalo enkulu ukuthola izinzuzo zezezimali kumkhiqizi.
Trial
Ukusatshalaliswa kwayo kumahhala kuphela ngesikhathi esithile.
Isoftware ejwayelekile kakhulu kwezentengiso
Izinkampani ezinjengeMicrosoft, iGoogle, i-Apple, nezinye, zinikezelwe ekudaleni, ekuthuthukiseni nasekuthengiseni zonke izinhlobo zesoftware. Phakathi kokuyinhloko kukhona: Microsoft Office, Adobe Reader, Adobe Photoshop, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Linux, Mac OSX, Microsoft Visual Basic, Microsoft Windows, iTunes, njll. Konke okunemisebenzi nezici ezahlukahlukene.
Abanye abakhiqizi be-software yi: Autodesk, Borland, Corel, Lotus, Intel, IBM, Netscape, phakathi kwabanye.
Utility
Njengomphumela wezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezaziwayo zesoftware, inhloso yazo kanye nomongo lapho zisetshenziswa khona, akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngomsebenzi owodwa. Njengamanje, kusuka ekuphequluleni i-Intanethi ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezingcingweni zethu nakumadivayisi eselula, kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwesoftware.
Emkhakheni webhizinisi, amaprosesa wegama nokuphathwa kwedatha kubalulekile. Ngokwengxenye yayo, emkhakheni wezimboni, isoftware yenza kube nokwenzeka ukwenza izinqubo ngokuzenzakalela nokukala ukusebenza kwazo kahle.
Ngokuvamile, kunoma iyiphi indawo esiyenzayo, sidinga ukuba khona kwesoftware esiza ukuxhumana phakathi kwethu nemishini, futhi isinikeze izixazululo ezisebenza kahle ezinkingeni zethu.
Ekugcineni, ukuze isoftware isebenze, zombili izilimi zohlelo nezilimi ezihlelayo kufanele zihambisane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isoftware kufanele yanele, ngoba uma ingahlanganisi ngokuphelele nehadiwe ethile, kuzothiwa zombili azihambelani futhi ukuxhumana phakathi komsebenzisi nomshini ngeke kwenzeke.