Ezweni eliya ngokuya likhula ngedijithali, ukukhetha ukuthi yini ozoyifunda sekuphenduke isinqumo esibalulekile. Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) bushintsha imakethe yemisebenziukuchaza kabusha ukuthi yimaphi amaphrofayili adingekayo, ukuthi akhokhelwa malini, kanye namakhono obuchwepheshe nawomuntu okwenza umehluko uma kukhulunywa ngokuthola umsebenzi onamathuba amahle.
Namuhla, i-AI ayiseyona eyonjiniyela be-geeky kuphela noma amalabhorethri asezingeni eliphezulu: Kuthinta amabhange, ezempilo, ezemfundo, ezokuthutha, ezokumaketha, imboni, amandla, ngisho nomkhakha womphakathi.Yingakho abantu abaningi—abasha abakhetha umsebenzi kanye nochwepheshe abafuna ukuzivuselela ngemva kweminyaka engu-30—bezibuza ukuthi yiziphi izifundo ezinikeza amathuba emisebenzi angcono kakhulu uma i-AI izoba khona yonke indawo.
Indlela ubuhlakani bokwenziwa obubumba ngayo kabusha imisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo
I-AI isibe ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisa konke Ihlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukahlukene njengokunakekelwa kwempilo, ezezimali, imfundo, ezokuzijabulisa, amandla, kanye nokukhiqiza. Izenzakalela imisebenzi ejwayelekile, ihlaziye idatha eningi (i-Big Data), ikhiqize okuqukethwe, futhi isize ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
Lolu shintsho lusho ukuthi Akusanele ukufunda "okuthile ngesayensi yamakhompyutha"Izinkampani zifuna ochwepheshe abakwazi ukuqonda amamodeli okufunda komshini, abasebenza nge-big data, izinhlelo, kanye nokusingatha izinkinga zokuziphatha, imithethonqubo, kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi ngesikhathi esifanayo. I-AI ayidali nje kuphela imisebenzi emisha, kodwa futhi iguqula neyasezindaweni ezithuthukile, kusukela kwezokwelapha kuya ekukhangiseni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenzeka into exakile: IYurophu manje idlula i-United States ngenani labachwepheshe be-AI abaqeqeshiwe kakhuluNgokusho kombiko we-Atomico othi "State of European Tech 2023", uhlelo lokuqeqeshwa kwe-AI kanye nokuqashwa kwabantu eYurophu—naseSpain ikakhulukazi—lukhula ngamandla futhi lunikeza amathuba amaningi ngokwengeziwe.
Izikhungo zemfundo zithuthukise indlela ezisebenza ngayo: Amadigri athile avela ku-Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, Data Engineering noma Computational Mathematicskanye neziqu ze-master kanye nezitifiketi ezikhethekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amabhange nezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe zitshala imali ekuqeqeshweni kwangaphakathi nasekuqeqesheni kabusha abasebenzi bazo ngezinhlelo zokukhiqiza i-AI kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha.
Konke lokhu kusho ukuthi, lapho ukhetha umsebenzi, Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi umsebenzi ubalulekile, kodwa futhi nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nemakethe yemisebenzi ephethwe yi-AI.Manje ake sibheke imisebenzi enamathuba aphezulu emisebenzi ehlobene ngqo noma ngokungaqondile nalolu buchwepheshe.
Imisebenzi egxile ngqo ekuhlakanipheni kokwenziwa kanye nedatha
Imisebenzi esobala kakhulu kulesi simo esisha yileyo esebenza ngqo ne-AI. Uma ukhangwa ukuklama ama-algorithms, amamodeli okufunda komshini, kanye nezinhlelo ezihlakaniphileLezi yizinketho ezinemiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Ubuhlakani Bokwenziwa kanye Nobunjiniyela Bokufunda Komshini
Iphrofayili yonjiniyela noma uchwepheshe ku-AI kanye nokufunda komshini isibe ngenye yezinto ezifunwa kakhulu. Umsebenzi wabo ukuklama, ukuqeqesha, nokusabalalisa amamodeli akwazi ukufunda idatha. futhi wenze izinqumo: izinhlelo zokuncoma, ukutholwa kokukhwabanisa, izinjini zokusesha ezihlakaniphile, abasizi ababonakalayo, ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha okuzenzakalelayo, njll.
Laba ochwepheshe banesibopho somjikelezo wokuphila wonke wemodeli: kusukela ekukhetheni i-algorithm kanye nokucubungula idatha kusengaphambili, kuya ekusetshenzisweni nasekugcinweni komkhiqizoKumelwe futhi baqinisekise izici ezibalulekile njengokuqina kwamamodeli, ukuchazeka, kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho.
Izinhlelo eziningi ze-postgraduate, njenge-Global MBA noma i-Masters ku-AI kanye ne-Data Science, ziyahlangana Ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe kuma-algorithms, izinhlelo kanye nezibalo enobuchwepheshe kwezebhizinisi, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, kanye nokuguqulwa kwedijithali. Ngale ndlela, unjiniyela we-AI akagcini nje ngokuhlela, kodwa futhi uyaqonda ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buthinta kanjani isu lenkampani.
Isayensi Yedatha kanye Nokuhlaziywa Kwedatha Enkulu
Isayensi yedatha ingenye yezinkanyezi ezinkulu emakethe. Ososayensi bedatha bazinikele ekukhipheni ulwazi oluwusizo emininingwaneni eminingi.kusetshenziswa izibalo ezithuthukisiwe, ukufunda komshini, ngisho namasu e-AI okukhiqiza ukudala amamodeli okubikezela nokuchaza.
Empeleni, usosayensi wedatha uhlanza futhi aguqule idatha, akhe amamodeli, ahlole ukusebenza kwawo, futhi ihumusha imiphumela yobuchwepheshe ibe yizincomo zebhizinisiImikhakha efana nokumaketha, amabhange, ezempilo, ezokuthutha kanye nezentengiselwano ze-inthanethi ithembele kakhulu kula maphrofayili ukuze yenze izinqumo ezisekelwe ebufakazini kunokuthembela ekuqondeni.
Iziqu zeMasters ku-Big Data kanye ne-Analytics zigxile kakhulu ukuphathwa kwedatha, izakhiwo ezisatshalaliswa (i-Hadoop, i-Spark), ukubona okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokufunda komshiniukufundisa indlela yokusebenza ngengqalasizinda ephatha ama-terabyte olwazi ngesikhathi sangempela.
Ochwepheshe ekucubungulweni kolimi lwemvelo kanye nokubona ngekhompyutha
Ngaphakathi kwe-AI, kunezigaba ezithole ukuthandwa okukhulu ngokuqhuma kwamamodeli olimi namathuluzi okukhiqiza izithombe. Ukucubungula ulimi lwemvelo (i-NLP) kanye nombono wekhompyutha kuyimikhakha emibili enesidingo esikhulayo..
Ochwepheshe be-NLP banesibopho sokwenza imishini iqonde futhi ikhiqize umbhalo ngolimi lwabantu: Bakha ama-chatbot, izinhlelo zokuhumusha, ukuhlaziywa kwemizwa, ukufingqa okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nabasizi abangokoqobo.Umsebenzi wabo uhlanganisa izilimi, izinhlelo, kanye nokufunda okujulile. ESpain, umholo ojwayelekile wale phrofayili ucishe ube yi-€36.000 ngonyaka.
Okwamanje, ochwepheshe bokubona ngekhompyutha bakha ama-algorithms anekhono lokuhumusha izithombe namavidiyo: ukuqashelwa kobuso, ukutholwa kwezinto, izinhlelo zokuqapha ezihlakaniphile, ukuhlaziywa kwe-X-ray noma ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuzenzakalelayo emafektri. Amaholo ajwayelekile eSpain angaba ngu-€35.000 ngonyaka, kanye nendawo yokukhula kuye ngolwazi kanye nomkhakha.
Amaphrofayili obuchwepheshe abalulekile aqhutshwa yi-AI
Ngaphezu kwezindima ezibizwa ngqo ngokuthi “i-AI”, kuneminye imisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe ebhekene nokuchuma ngenxa yobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Lezi yiziphrofayili eziyisisekelo lapho izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile bezingeke zakhiwe noma zigcinwe ngaphandle kwazo.
Ubunjiniyela Bekhompyutha, Isofthiwe Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezinhlelo Zokusebenza
Ubunjiniyela bekhompyutha buhlala buyindlela ephephile. Onjiniyela besofthiwe baklama, bakhe, futhi balondoloze izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho amamodeli e-AI ehlanganiswa khona.: kusukela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula kuya kumapulatifomu ewebhu kanye nezinhlelo zangaphakathi zezinkampani ezinkulu.
Laba ochwepheshe bangochwepheshe ekuhleleni izinhlelo, ukwakhiwa kwesofthiwe, izizindalwazi, ukuxhumana, kanye nokuphepha. Ngenxa ye-AI, imisebenzi yabo eminingi iyasheshiswa (amakhodi abalingani, ukukhiqizwa kokuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo), kodwa Indima yabo iba yiqhinga elikhulu ngoba yibona abahlanganisa, bahlele, futhi bakhulise izingxenye ezihlakaniphile. ngaphakathi kwemikhiqizo yangempela.
Amaphrofayili e-hybrid nawo aya ngokuya eqina, njengonjiniyela wegeyimu yevidiyo ye-AI — oklama Izitha ezihlakaniphile, imihlaba enamandla, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okujulile— noma unjiniyela we-full-stack osebenzisa i-AI, osebenzisa amathuluzi ahlakaniphile ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ikhodi yokulungisa, noma ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthunyelwa.
Ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kanye ne-AI yokuzivikela
Njengoba ukwanda okukhulu kwedijithali kanye nokwanda kokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber, ukuphepha kwe-cyber kube yinto ebalulekile. Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kolwazi bavikela amanethiwekhi, izinhlelo, kanye nedatha ekuhlaselweni okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, eziningi zazo ziphinde zixhaswe yi-AI.
I-AI idlala indima ekabili kule nsimu: Kuyasiza ekutholeni amaphethini angajwayelekile, ukuhlonza ukuphazamiseka, nokusabela ngokushesha.Kodwa-ke, isetshenziswa futhi ngabahlaseli ukudala i-malware okunzima ukuyibona noma ukuqalisa imikhankaso yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane eyimfihlo. Yingakho ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokuphepha kwe-inthanethi namasu okufunda komshini kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ubunjiniyela bamarobhothi kanye nokuzenzakalela
Amarobhothi abhekene nobunzima besibili ngenxa ye-AI. Onjiniyela bamarobhothi kanye nabasebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo baklama amarobhothi kanye nezinhlelo ezisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ezikwazi ukusebenzisana nendawo ezikuyo nokwenza izinqumo ngesikhathi sangempela.Sikhuluma ngezingalo zamarobhothi emafektri, amarobhothi okuhlinzwa, ama-drone, izimoto ezizimele, kanye nezinhlelo zokuthutha ezizenzakalelayo.
Lezi ziqu zihlanganisa imishini, i-elekthronikhi, ukulawula, isayensi yamakhompyutha futhi manje, nezinsiza ezifana Izifundo zehadiwe ze-PC, ukuqonda ngokusebenzisa umbono wekhompyutha, ukuhlela okuhlakaniphile, kanye nokufunda okuqinisiweEmikhakheni efana nokukhiqiza, ezokuthutha, kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo, amathuba okwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela makhulu kakhulu, futhi isidingo samaphrofayili ochwepheshe siyaqhubeka nokukhula.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezizimele kanye nezimoto ezihlakaniphile
I-derivative eqondile kakhulu yamarobhothi kanye ne-AI ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezizimele. Ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha baklama ama-algorithm ukuze izimoto ezizimele, ama-drone, noma amarobhothi okulethwa akwazi ukwenza izinqumo eziphephile nezisebenzayo. ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi nezishintshashintshayo.
Umsebenzi wabo uhilela ukuhlanganisa idatha evela kuzinzwa eziningi (amakhamera, i-radar, i-LIDAR), ukuhlela imizila, ukugwema ukushayisana, kanye ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zethrafikhi, isimo sezulu noma ukuba khona kwabahamba ngezinyawoLolu hlobo lwesistimu luguqula ezokuthutha, ezokuthutha kanye nezolimo, futhi ludinga ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu.
Iziqu zaseyunivesithi ezithile ku-AI kanye nesayensi yedatha
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulayo, amanyuvesi amaningi aseSpain adale amadigri anikezelwe ngqo kubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nesayensi yedathakanye neziqu ezimbili ezihlanganisa izibalo kanye nesayensi yekhompyutha.
Iziqu ku-Artificial Intelligence eSpain
Iziqu zeBachelor in Artificial Intelligence ziyiziqu zakamuva nje. Ngokuvamile ihlala iminyaka emine (240 ECTS) futhi ihlanganisa izinhlelo, izibalo, izibalo, izizindalwazi, amanethiwekhi, amasu e-Big Data kanye ne-AI. (ukufunda komshini, ukufunda okujulile, i-NLP, umbono, njll.).
Ohlelweni lomphakathi lwaseSpain, lunikezwa emanyuvesi ahlukahlukene anezidingo zokungena ezincintisanayo. Ezinye izibonelo ezimele yilezi:
- Rey Juan Carlos University: Iziqu ku-Artificial Intelligence.
- I-Polytechnic University yaseMadrid: Iziqu zeSayensi Yedatha kanye Nobuhlakani Bokwenziwa.
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid: Iziqu zobunjiniyela bedatha kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
- University of Alicante: Iziqu Zobunjiniyela Bokuhlakanipha Okwenziwa.
- IMiguel Hernández University yase-Elche: Iziqu zeSayensi Yedatha kanye Nobuhlakani Bokwenziwa.
- I-Autonomous University of Barcelona y Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya: amadigri athile ku-AI.
- Amanyuvesi ase-A Coruña, eSantiago de Compostela naseVigo: iziqu ezihlangene ku-Artificial Intelligence.
- IYunivesithi Yezwe LaseBasque: Iziqu ku-Artificial Intelligence.
- Inyuvesi yaseMalaga: Iziqu ku-Cybersecurity kanye ne-Artificial Intelligence.
- I-Universidad de León: Iziqu zobunjiniyela bedatha kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kukhona umkhakha ozimele, lapho amanyuvesi enikeza khona amadigri ku-Artificial Intelligence, i-Data Science, i-Computing kanye ne-AI noma i-Mathematical Engineering kanye ne-AI, ngokuvamile kugxilwe kakhulu enkampanini kanye namaphrojekthi asebenzayo.
Amanye amadigri ahlobene eduze: Izibalo Zekhompyutha, Isayensi Yedatha, kanye Nobunjiniyela Bekhompyutha
Ngale kwezinga "elimsulwa" ku-AI, kuneziqu eziyizindlela eziqondile eziya kulo mkhakha. Izibalo Zekhompyutha kanye neSayensi Yedatha zinikeza isisekelo esiqinile ekuhlaziyweni kwezibalo, izibalo, kanye nokumodela., ilungele ukusebenza njengomhlaziyi wedatha, usosayensi wedatha noma unjiniyela we-algorithm.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubunjiniyela bekhompyutha buyaqhubeka nokuba isiqu esivamile esiguquguqukayo kakhuluIfundisa izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe, izakhiwo zedatha, izinhlelo zokusebenza, izakhiwo zenethiwekhi, izizindalwazi, kanye nokuphepha. Ngeziqu ze-master noma izifundo ezithile ze-AI, iba enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuthola ulwazi olukhethekile.
Nabo bayakhuluphala Amadigri amabili ku-Mathematics kanye ne-Computer Engineering, Mathematics kanye ne-Fiziksi, noma i-Mathematics kanye ne-Data Science, ezakha amaphrofayili anamandla kakhulu ocwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli athuthukile kanye namaphrojekthi e-AI ayinkimbinkimbi.
Amathuba emisebenzi kanye namaphrofayili afunwa kakhulu kubuhlakani bokwenziwa
I-AI ivula amathuba amaningi emisebenzi. Ezinye zinobuchwepheshe obukhulu, ezinye zihlanganisa ibhizinisi nobuchwepheshe, kanti ezinye zisesigcawini sezempilo, ukumaketha, noma isayensi yezenhlalo..
Amaphrofayili obuchwepheshe asezingeni eliphezulu
Phakathi kwezindawo zokuhamba ezidumile kakhulu yilezi:
- Unjiniyela Wokufunda UmshiniUklama, uqeqesha, futhi uthuthukise amamodeli afunda kudatha. ESpain, umholo ojwayelekile ucishe ube yi-€43.000 ngonyaka.
- Usosayensi WedathaIhlaziya idatha eningi, yakha amamodeli okubikezela, futhi isiza ekwenzeni izinqumo eziqhutshwa idatha.
- Unjiniyela we-AI: ithuthukisa izixazululo ze-AI eziphelele, ihlanganisa amamodeli ezinhlelweni zangempela.
- Unjiniyela Wedatha: iklama imibhobho yedatha, izitolo, kanye nezakhiwo ezingandiswa ukuze inike amandla izinhlelo ze-AI.
- Unjiniyela wombono womshini noma uchwepheshe we-NLP: isebenzisa i-AI ezithombeni, kuvidiyo noma kumbhalo, ngamaholo aphakathi kuka-€35.000 no-€36.000 ngonyaka eSpain.
- Umcwaningi we-AI: ithuthukisa amasu amasha namamodeli, kungaba emanyuvesi, ezikhungweni zobuchwepheshe noma ezinkampanini ezinkulu, ngamanani emiholo angasukela ku-€30.000 kuya ku-€50.000 ngonyaka kuye ngolwazi kanye nebhizinisi.
Amaphrofayili axubile: ibhizinisi, umkhiqizo, kanye nokubonisana
Akuyona yonke into ehleliwe. Izinkampani zidinga ochwepheshe abangahumusha amakhono e-AI abe izixazululo zebhizinisi eziqondile. Lapha kulapho okulandelayo kusebenza khona:
- Umeluleki we-AI: yeluleka izinhlangano ngendlela yokusebenzisa i-AI ukuthuthukisa izinqubo, ukunciphisa izindleko noma ukudala imikhiqizo emisha.
- Umklami we-AI: uklama ingqalasizinda yomhlaba wonke yezinhlelo ezihlakaniphile ngaphakathi kwenkampani.
- Usosayensi we-AI kwezokumakethaIsebenzisa ama-algorithms ukuhlukanisa izethameli, ukwenza imikhankaso ibe ngeyakho, nokuthuthukisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kokukhangisa.
- Unjiniyela Okhuthazayo: igxile ekuzuzeni okuningi kumamodeli olimi kanye nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza, iklama imiyalelo kanye nokugeleza okunikeza imiphumela ewusizo nehambisanayo.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zemikhakha: ezempilo, ezezimali, imidlalo yevidiyo nokuningi
Amathuba amaningi emisebenzi avela ngokusebenzisa i-AI emkhakheni othile. Uma umongo uqondwa kangcono (wezokwelapha, wezezimali, wezimboni), ubuchwepheshe buletha inani elikhulu.. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:
- Umhlaziyi wedatha yezempiloIsebenza ngemilando yezokwelapha, izithombe zezokwelapha, noma idatha ye-genomic ukuthuthukisa ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa.
- Uchwepheshe wezempilo yedijithali kanye nezokwelapha ngocingo: iklama futhi iphatha izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwempilo ezisekelwa yi-AI, izinto ezigqokwayo kanye namapulatifomu edijithali.
- Unjiniyela Wegeyimu Ye-AI: kudala abalingiswa abahlakaniphile abangadlaleki, amazinga okuzivumelanisa nezimo, noma okuhlangenwe nakho okujulile okukhiqizwe yi-AI.
- I-Chatbot kanye nonjiniyela osizayo obonakalayo: yakha izinhlelo zesevisi yamakhasimende ezenzakalelayo zamabhange, ezentengiselwano ze-e, ezokuphatha zomphakathi noma izinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe, ngamaholo aphelele angaba ngu-€45.000 ngonyaka kuye ngemakethe.
- Uchwepheshe we-AI wezezimali kanye nebhizinisiIgxile ekutholeni ukukhwabanisa, ukuthola amaphuzu engozi, ukutshalwa kwezimali nge-algorithm, noma ukuzenzekela kwezinqubo zokubala.
Eminye imisebenzi enamathuba amahle emisebenzi ezweni eline-AI
Nakuba i-AI iyisizinda sayo yonke into, Akuzona zonke izinhlanga ezinesiqalo esihle ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kuphela.Kunemisebenzi yendabuko ehlala idingeka kakhulu futhi ezuza ngokuhlanganisa amathuluzi e-AI emsebenzini wayo wansuku zonke.
Izinkambu zobunjiniyela ezikhokha kakhulu nezifunwa kakhulu
Esimweni samanje samanyuvesi, iziqu eziningana zobunjiniyela ziphakathi kwezikhokhelwa kahle kakhulu futhi ezinamathuba amaningi emisebenzi. Abaningi babo bathembele kumathuluzi e-AI kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha ukuze bathuthukise izinqubo futhi benze izinqumo.. Ezinye zezinto ezigqame kakhulu yilezi:
- Iziqu zeBachelor ekuHlaziyweni kwezinhlelo.
- Ubunjiniyela be-Informatics.
- Ubunjiniyela be-Electronic.
- Ubunjiniyela Bogesi.
- Onjiniyela bamakhemikhali.
- Ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali.
- Ubunjiniyela bePetroleum.
- Isiqu seSayensi kwiSayensi yeKhompyutha.
- Isiqu seSayensi kwiSayensi yeJiyoloji.
- Isiqu Sesayensi Kwezobuhlengikazi.
Kuzo zonke, ukusetshenziswa kwamamodeli okubikezela, ukulingisa kanye Amathuluzi okwenza ngcono asekelwe ku-AI aseyinto evamileLokhu kwandisa amathuba okuqashwa kwalabo abahlanganisa isizinda sobuchwepheshe esijwayelekile namakhono edatha kanye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela.
Amandla avuselelekayo, ukusimama kanye nemvelo
Ukukhathazeka ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuguquka kwamandla kubangele ukwanda kwesidingo sabachwepheshe bamandla elanga, amandla omoya kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo. I-AI isetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, ukugcinwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo, qagela isidingo futhi uphathe amagridi ahlakaniphile.
Imisebenzi efana Ubunjiniyela Bezemvelo, Ubunjiniyela Bamandla Avuselelekayo, noma iziqu ku-Sustainability and Land Management Banikeza amathuba ekubonisaneni, ezinkampanini zamandla, ekuphathweni komphakathi kanye nasemkhakheni wezimboni, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa nolwazi ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha kanye nokwakheka kwemodeli.
Impilo, ubuhlengikazi kanye nenhlalakahle yengqondo
Ukunakekelwa kwempilo kusalokhu kungenye yemikhakha enomsebenzi ozinzile kakhulu. Imithi, ubuhlengikazi, i-physiotherapy, kanye ne-psychology konke kuhlangabezana nesidingo esiqhubekayo., okungeziwe manje ukwenziwa kwedijithali kohlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
I-AI isiza ukuhlaziya ukuskena kwezokwelapha, ukuhlonza amaphethini kumarekhodi ezokwelapha, noma ukwenza ngezifiso ukwelashwa, kodwa Akuthathi indawo yesici sobuntu sokunakekela, ukuxhumana, kanye nokusekela.Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe abanjengobahlengikazi abangochwepheshe, ochwepheshe be-radiology, noma ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo kanye nokuphila kahle bathola insimu yomsebenzi lapho ubuchwepheshe bukhulisa khona, kodwa bungawuthathi indawo, umsebenzi wabo.
Ukuzivuselela ngemva kweminyaka engama-30: imisebenzi esheshayo enesiqalo esihle
Namuhla, ukushintsha izindlela zomsebenzi ngemva kweminyaka engu-30 akusajwayelekile. Abantu abaningi banquma ukubuyela ezifundweni zabo beyofuna ukuzinza, imali engenayo engcono, noma umsebenzi ohambisana nezintshisekelo zabo.Isihluthulelo ukukhetha izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezikwazi ukuqashwa kahle kanye nesikhathi sokukhokha esifanele.
Imisebenzi emifushane ene-high insertion
Phakathi kwezincomo ezivamile lapho kukhulunywa ngezinhlelo ze-AI mayelana nokuvuselelwa kwemisebenzi, izinketho ezinhlanu ezisebenzayo kakhulu ziyagqama:
- Ukuhlaziywa kohlelo noma kwedathaUngaqala kusukela ekuqaleni ngezifundo ezijulile noma izinhlelo zokuqeqesha, futhi ngokubekezela, ungene emakethe yemisebenzi ngokushesha okukhulu. Kulungele labo abajabulela ukuxazulula izinkinga nokucabanga ngendlela enengqondo.
- Umhlengikazi noma uchwepheshe wezempiloIziqu zobuchwepheshe kwezobuhlengikazi, i-radiology noma ilebhu zinikeza izindlela zomsebenzi eziqondile kakhulu nezizinzile, kanye nesidingo esikhulu ezibhedlela nasezikhungweni ezizimele.
- Ukuphathwa kwe-logistics kanye nokusebenzaImisebenzi yobuchwepheshe noma imijikelezo kwezokuthutha, ezokuthutha kanye nokuphathwa kwezindawo zokugcina impahla, ezibaluleke kakhulu endaweni lapho ukuhweba nge-inthanethi kuqhubeka nokukhula khona.
- Umklamo we-UX/UI noma ukumaketha kwedijithaliZihlanganisa ubuhlakani, ukuhlaziya kanye namasu; zingathathwa ku-inthanethi futhi zikuvumele ukuthi usebenzele omunye umuntu noma njengomuntu ozimele.
- Izinsizakusebenza Zabantu kanye Nokuphathwa Kwamathalente: Kunconywa kakhulu kubantu abanolwazi lokuhola amaqembu noma abasebenza ezindaweni zokuphatha noma zokuphatha.
I-AI, uma isetshenziswa kahle, ingaba umngane kulezi zinguquko: Kuyasiza ukuhlola izinketho zokuqeqesha, ukuzijwayeza izingxoxo, ukuthuthukisa i-CV yakho, nokubona amakhono angadluliselwa komunye umuntu. kusukela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini.
Yimaphi amakhono owadingayo ukuze usebenze kubuhlakani bokwenziwa?
Ngaphandle kwesihloko esithile, izinkampani zifuna inhlanganisela yamakhono obuchwepheshe kanye namakhono ahlukene. Ukusebenza ku-AI kuhilela ukuzulazula kuma-algorithms, idatha, ukuziphatha, kanye nokusebenza ngokubambisana.
Amakhono obuchwepheshe abalulekile
Phakathi kwamakhono anzima abaluleke kakhulu yile:
- Ukufunda komshini kanye nama-algorithms okufunda okujulileUkwazi ukuthi kufanele usebenzise nini i-regression, izihlahla zezinqumo, amanethiwekhi ezinzwa, noma amamodeli okukhiqiza, nokuthi ungaziqeqesha kanjani ngendlela efanele.
- I-Python Programming (futhi, kuye ngokuthi kwenzekani, i-R, i-Java noma i-C++), iphatha amalabhulali afana ne-TensorFlow, i-PyTorch, i-scikit-learn, ama-panda noma i-NumPy.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha nokuphathwa kwayoUkusebenza ne-SQL, amathuluzi e-Big Data afana ne-Hadoop ne-Spark, kanye namasu okuhlanza nokuguqula idatha.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwezixazululo zokukhiqizaUkusetshenziswa okuthuthukisiwe kwamamodeli olimi, amasu okukhuthaza, ukwakha ama-chatbot kanye nemisebenzi yokusebenza ngokusekelwe ku-AI yokukhiqiza.
Ukuziphatha, imithethonqubo kanye nomsebenzi wokubambisana
Olunye uhlangothi lwemali lubaluleke ngendlela efanayo. I-AI inemiphumela ejulile kakhulu yokuziphatha, yezomthetho kanye neyezenhlalo.Ngakho-ke, amaphrofayili aqonda okulandelayo ayaziswa kakhulu:
- Imithethonqubo esebenza kudatha kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (ukuvikelwa kwedatha, imithethonqubo yaseYurophu, isibopho se-algorithmic).
- Ukucwasa kanye nokubandlululwa kwe-algorithmic, kanye nendlela yokukunciphisa.
- Ukucaca kanye nokuchazeka kwamamodeli, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni ebucayi njengezezimali noma ezempilo.
- Ngisebenza emaqenjini emikhakha eyahlukene, lapho onjiniyela, izazi zezibalo, ochwepheshe bebhizinisi kanye nochwepheshe abavela emkhakheni wezicelo behlala ndawonye.
Kulomongo, ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo nokufunda okusebenzayo ("ukufunda ngokwenza") Sekucishe kube yizidingo eziphoqelekile. Intuthuko yenzeka ngokushesha kangangokuthi ayikho ikharikhulamu engahlanganisa wonke amathuluzi amasha, ngakho-ke ukuzifundela kanye nesithakazelo esiqhubekayo kwenza umehluko omkhulu.
Ukuqeqeshwa okunconywayo: iziqu, iziqu ze-master kanye nezifundo ezikhethekile
Ukukhetha ukuthi yini ozoyifundela ukusebenza emkhakheni we-AI kuncike kakhulu endimeni ofuna ukuyifisa. Akufani nokufuna ukuklama amamodeli kusukela ekuqaleni njengoba kunjalo ukuhlanganisa izixazululo ezikhona noma ukuhola ukuqaliswa kwazo enkampanini..
Izifundo eziyisisekelo (amadigri namadigri aphindwe kabili)
Imisebenzi ye-STEM ivelele njengomgogodla:
- Iziqu zobuNjiniyela beKhompyutha, iSayensi yeDatha, iMathematics, iFiziksi noma ubuNjiniyela emagatsheni ahlukene.
- Iziqu ze-Bachelor ku-Artificial Intelligence noma ezindaweni ezihlobene (Ubunjiniyela Bedatha, Isayensi Yedatha kanye ne-AI, Ukubala kanye ne-AI).
- Amadigri amabili njengezibalo + Ubunjiniyela Bekhompyutha, izibalo + ifiziksi noma izibalo + isayensi yedatha, ezakha amaphrofayili aqinile ocwaningo kanye nentuthuko ethuthukisiwe.
Izifundo ze-postgraduate, izitifiketi kanye nemfundo eqhubekayo
Ukuze ugxile noma uvuselele amakhono akho, iziqu ze-master ku Ubuhlakani Bokwenziwa, Isayensi Yedatha, Idatha Enkulu, Amarobhothi, I-inthanethi Yezinto noma Izinhlelo Ezihlakaniphile Ziyindlela enamandla, kokubili emanyuvesi ajwayelekile kanye nasezikhungweni eziku-inthanethi.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kukhona okunikezwayo kwe- Ama-MOOC nezifundo ezisekelweni ezifana ne-Coursera, i-Udemy, i-Platzi, noma izinhlelo ze-Grow with GoogleLezi zifundo zihlanganisa konke kusukela ezisekelweni zokufunda komshini kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe nge-AI ekhiqizayo. Amanyuvesi amakhulu aphesheya, njengeHarvard, anikeza izifundo ezithile ku-AI ezisetshenziswa ebhizinisini noma ekuhleleni kusukela ekuqaleni nge-Python.
Izinkampani eziningi, ikakhulukazi amabhange nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe, nazo ziyakhuthaza izinhlelo zangaphakathi zokusebenzisa i-AI ngentando yeningi phakathi kwabasebenzi bayohhayi nje kuphela phakathi kwamaphrofayili obuchwepheshe. Lokhu kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi, eminyakeni ezayo, ukuqonda i-AI kuzoba lula njengokwazi ukusebenzisa ispredishithi namuhla.
Sekukonke, imisebenzi efunwa kakhulu ehlobene nobuhlakani bokwenziwa ayikhawulelwe ezingeni elilodwa, kodwa kunalokho isekelwe ohlelweni lokuqeqeshwa kanye nokukhethekile okuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe, idatha, ibhizinisi, kanye nokuziphatha. Noma ubani ongahlanganisa isisekelo esihle sobuchwepheshe kanye nelukuluku, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kanye nesifiso sokuqhubeka nokufunda uzoba nesisekelo esihle kakhulu sokwakha umsebenzi oqinile noguquguqukayo. emakethe yezabasebenzi lapho i-AI isivele ingumdlali obalulekile futhi izoba ngumdlali obalulekile eminyakeni ezayo.
