IKhomishini yaseYurophu ithathe isinyathelo esingavamile ngenxa yayo isivinini kanye nokuzimisela ngokumelene ne-MetaEzinyangeni ezimbili nje kuphela selokhu kwaqala uphenyo, iBrussels isiphethe ngokuthi inkampani kaMark Zuckerberg ingase yephule imithetho yokuncintisana ye-EU ngokuvala umnyango we-WhatsApp kumathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa athuthukiswe yizinkampani zangaphandle.
Ngokusho koMnyango Wezokuncintisana, inqubomgomo entsha esetshenziswa ku-WhatsApp Business yenza I-Meta AI iyona kuphela umsizi wobuhlakani bokwenziwa ofinyelelekayo epulatifomu, ngaphandle kwezimbangi ezithembele kulesi siteshi ukuze zifinyelele amabhizinisi nabathengi eYurophu. Njengoba kunengozi yokuthi lesi simo singadala umonakalo "omkhulu futhi ongenakulungiswa" emakethe, iKhomishini yaseYurophu yazise inkampani yezobuchwepheshe ngenhloso yayo yokufaka izinyathelo zesikhashana.
Yini ngempela ephenywa yiBrussels?
Ingxabano iqala ngo- 15 Okthoba ka-2025, lapho i-Meta imemezela isibuyekezo semigomo yokusebenzisa yesisombululo sayo sebhizinisi WhatsApp IbhizinisiNgokusho kwe-akhawunti yeKhomishini, lolu shintsho luvimbela ngempumelelo abasizi be-AI abajwayelekile abadalwe yizinkampani zangaphandle ukuthi basebenze ngaphakathi kohlelo lokusebenza.
Inqubomgomo entsha iqala ukusebenza ngokugcwele ngomhlaka- UJanuwari 15 we-2026Kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, umsizi we-AI kuphela otholakala kubasebenzisi be-WhatsApp yi-Meta AI, ithuluzi lenkampani uqobo. Bonke abathuthukisi abaphikisanayo abanikeza ama-chatbot, abasizi bengxoxo, noma izixazululo zesevisi yamakhasimende ezisekelwe ku-AI nge-WhatsApp bavinjelwe epulatifomu.
EBrussels, lesi sinyathelo sidlula kakhulu ushintsho olulula lwesivumelwano: izinsizakalo ze-EU zisola ukuthi I-Meta ingase isebenzise kabi isikhundla sokubusa emakethe yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana zabathengi ngaphakathi kwe-European Economic Area, okusebenzisa ukufinyelela okukhulu kwe-WhatsApp.
IKhomishini igcizelela ukuthi I-WhatsApp “iyindawo yokungena ebalulekile” ukuze abasizi be-AI bakwazi ukufinyelela abasebenzisi bokugcina. Uma lokho kufinyelela kukhawulelwe kuthuluzi elilodwa elilawulwa yi-Meta, umphumela uba yisithiyo esikhulu kwabanye abancintisana nabo abafuna ukukhula emakethe yaseYurophu yobuhlakani bokwenziwa obusetshenziswa ekuthumeleni imiyalezo.
Ifayela elisemthethweni livulwa ngo- Disemba 2025IKhomishini yaseYurophu iqalise uphenyo lokuthi imigomo emisha ye-WhatsApp Business iyabavimbela yini abahlinzeki be-AI ekukhulumeni namakhasimende abo uma ibhizinisi labo eliyinhloko liwubuhlakani bokwenziwa. Lolu phenyo, olusekelwe emithethweni yokuncintisana yakudala ye-EU ka-2002 kanye nezichibiyelo ezalandela, luyaqhubeka futhi alunaso isikhathi esibekiwe sokuphetha.
Ingozi yomonakalo omkhulu nongenakulungiswa emncintiswaneni
Ekuxhumaneni kwayo nomphakathi, iKhomishini yaseYurophu igcizelela ukuthi kukhona "isidingo esiphuthumayo" sokwenza okuthileIsizathu silula: uma uphenyo luqhubeka iminyaka eminingi futhi ukuvinjelwa kwabasizi beqembu lesithathu kusasebenza, imiphumela emakethe ingase ingabi nakuguqulwa.
IBrussels yesaba ukuthi ukuziphatha kukaMeta phakamisa ngokwenziwa izithiyo zokungena nokwanda emakethe yabasizi be-AI, ikakhulukazi esiteshini semiyalezo. Iziphathimandla ze-EU zikholelwa ukuthi le nqubomgomo "ingabeka eceleni ngokungenakulungiswa" izimbangi ezincane ezingenazo izinsiza zokubhekana nokulahlekelwa ukufinyelela kwepulatifomu esetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-WhatsApp isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ngokwendlela engokoqobo, imikhawulo ku-WhatsApp Business ivimbela izinkampani eziningi ze-AI zaseYurophu ukuthi ziqhubeke nokuxhumana namakhasimende azo ngalesi siteshi uma ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buyinsizakalo yazo eyinhloko. Lokhu kuhunyushwa ngokuthi izinketho ezimbalwa zabathengi namabhizinisiukuhlukahluka okuncane kwezixazululo kanye nokunciphisa ngqo ukusungula izinto ezintsha ohlelweni lwedijithali lwaseYurophu.
Ngokombono womlawuli, ukuvimba ezinye izindlela esikhundleni se-Meta AI kungase ukunciphisa unomphela inani labadlali emkhakheni obhekwa njengosusu lokuncintisana kweYurophu. Ngakho-ke, iKhomishini inqume ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngezinyathelo zokuqapha, into engavamile lapho isebenza ngaphakathi kohlaka lokuncintisana lwendabuko kuphela.
IBrussels yesaba ukuphindeka kwezimo ezibonwe emacaleni amadala ngokumelene neMicrosoft, lapho izinhlawulo nezinyathelo zokulungisa zifike sekwephuzile, ngemuva kokuba imakethe isivele ishintshiwe. Ngakho-ke, iPhini likaMongameli elibhekele ukuncintisana, Teresa Ribera, kugcizelela isidingo sokusabela ngokushesha emkhakheni onamandla njengobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nezinsizakalo zedijithali.
Isitatimende sezindleko kanye nezinyathelo zesikhashana ezingaba khona
Njengengxenye ebalulekile yenqubo, iKhomishini ithumele i-Meta isitatimende samacala lapho ichaza khona iziphikiso zayo zokuqala. Kulowo mbhalo, iBrussels ithi inkampani ingase iphule i-Athikili 102 yeSivumelwano Sokusebenza kwe-European Union kanye ne-Athikili 54 yeSivumelwano se-European Economic Area, evimbela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwesikhundla sokuphatha lapho ihlanekezela ukuncintisana emakethe eyodwa.
Ukuhlaziywa kochwepheshe bezokuncintisana kuphetha, ekuqaleni, ukuthi I-Meta ithatha isikhundla esiphambili emakethe yohlelo lokusebenza lokuxhumana kwabathengi be-EEA ngenxa ye-WhatsApp, nokuthi izosebenzisa kabi leso sikhundla ngokwenqabela abanye opharetha ukufinyelela ipulatifomu, okuhlanganisa nabasizi bobuhlakani bokwenziwa abasetshenziswa yizinkampani zangaphandle.
IKhomishini ibheka ukuthi izimo ezibekwe yi-Meta zidala lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "imiphumela yokuvala"Inkampani eyodwa ilawula ukufinyelela kwingqalasizinda yedijithali ebalulekile futhi ibeka imithetho evimbela ukungena noma ukwanda kwabancintisana abaphumelelayo. Kulokhu, ukuhluka kwe-Meta AI ngaphakathi kwe-WhatsApp Business kungaba yindlela ethile yokuvala lokhu.
Ngenxa yalesi simo, iBrussels yazise inkampani ukuthi icabanga ukwamukela izinyathelo zesikhashana ezinohlamvu olusheshayo ukuze kulondolozwe ukufinyelela kwezimbangi kule pulatifomu ngenkathi uphenyo luqhubeka. Ngamanye amazwi, ingayala iMeta ukuthi ivule kabusha i-WhatsApp Business okwesikhashana kubasizi be-AI beqembu lesithathu kuze kufinyelelwe esinqumweni sokugcina ngokufaneleka kwecala.
Lokhu kungenelela kusekelwe ku-Athikili 8 yomthethonqubo wokuncintisana waseYurophu, ovumela ukubekwa kwezinyathelo zokuqapha lapho kunobufakazi obuqinile bokwephulwa komthetho kanye nokuphuthuma okucacile kokuvimbela umonakalo omkhulu nongenakulungiswa emncintiswaneni. Imithombo ye-EU igcizelela ukuthi ukukhishwa kwesitatimende sokuphikisa kanye nokwamukelwa okungenzeka kwalezi zinyathelo akunqumi kusengaphambili umphumela wokugcina wecala.
I-Meta, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uzokwazi ukwethula izimpikiswano nokuvikela umbono wakho Ngaphambi kokuba kuqedwe noma yisiphi isinyathelo, inkampani inelungelo lokuphendula amacala, inikeze ubufakazi, futhi iphakamise ukuvumelana uma ikubona kufanele. Inqubo yokuphatha izoqhubeka nenkambo yayo evamile, yize kunesici esengeziwe sokuthi izinyathelo zokuqapha zingasetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye.
Ububanzi bendawo yecala kanye nendima ye-Italy
Icala livulwe emaphepheni aseBrussels yonke i-European Economic Areangaphandle okukodwa okuphawulekayo: i-Italy. Kulelo zwe, igunya lokuncintisana likazwelonke lase livele lizenzele ngokwalo ngoDisemba 2025, libeka izinyathelo zesikhashana ku-Meta mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwabasizi be-AI ku-WhatsApp.
Ngakho-ke, inqubo ye-EU ayikubandakanyi ngokusobala indawo yase-Italy, ihlonipha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhishwe ezingeni likazwelonke. Kwamanye amazwe angamalungu kanye namazwe e-EEA, iKhomishini yaseYurophu izothatha isinyathelo futhi ihlele noma yisiphi isinqumo esithinta inqubomgomo ye-Meta ku-WhatsApp.
Le ndlela exubile—ehilela kokubili iziphathimandla zikazwelonke kanye neKhomishini—ibonisa ukuqinisa ukulawula amapulatifomu amakhulu edijithali ngaphakathi kwemakethe eyodwa. Nakuba uMthethonqubo Wezimakethe Zedijithali (i-DMA) ungasetshenziswa kulolu phenyo oluthile, leli cala liwela ngaphansi komkhuba ofanayo: ukuvimbela izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ukuthi zivale izimiso zemvelo lapho zitholakala khona cishe yonke indawo.
URibera waphawula ukuthi okungenani izwe elilodwa eliyilungu, i-Italy, selivele lithathe izinyathelo ezifanayo nalezo ezicatshangelwa yiKhomishini yaseYurophu, okuphakamisa ukuhlangana okuthile kwezindinganiso phakathi kwabalawuli baseYurophu lapho kubhekene nokwanda kobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
Izimpikiswano ze-Meta kanye nomongo obanzi wokulawula
Ephendula izinsolo, uMeta ugcizelela ukuthi Akukho sizathu sokuba i-EU ingenelele ku-interface ye-WhatsApp Business. Ngokusho kwenkampani, abasebenzisi banezindlela eziningi zokufinyelela izinsizakalo ze-AI ngezitolo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, amadivayisi, amawebhusayithi, noma ezinye izivumelwano zemboni, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuzihlanganisa epulatifomu yemiyalezo uqobo, ngisho zigijime endaweni.
Enguqulweni yayo yemicimbi, le nkampani yamazwe ngamazwe ithi uhlelo lwezobunhloli bokwenziwa lubanzi futhi lunamandla ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuncintisana, noma ngabe i-WhatsApp ibeka phambili ukusetshenziswa komsizi wayo we-Meta AI. Le nkampani igcizelela ukuthi inelungelo lokwenza kanjalo. klama futhi uphathe imisebenzi yesevisi yakho ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zabo zokuphepha, ikhwalithi kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi.
Kodwa-ke, eBrussels iphuzu elibalulekile akukhona ukuthi kunezinye izindlela zokufinyelela i-AI, kodwa umthelela wokuvalwa kwe-WhatsApp ku- ikhono labaphikisi lokukhulisa nokufinyelela abasebenzisi baseYurophuIKhomishini iphawula ukuthi imiyalezo esheshayo isibe yingqalasizinda yokuxhumana eyisisekelo, esetshenziswa kakhulu ngabantu ngabanye kanye nezinkampani ukuxhumana, ukwenza izivumelwano zezinsizakalo noma ukuthola ukwesekwa.
Leli cala liyingxenye yomongo obanzi we Ukungezwani phakathi kwezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe zase-US kanye nomthetho waseYurophuEminyakeni yamuva nje, i-Meta isivele ithole izinhlawulo ezinkulu e-EU, isibonelo ngemodeli yayo "yemvume noma yokukhokha" ku-Facebook naku-Instagram, kanti ezinye izinkampani ezinkulu zedijithali ziye zabhekana nezinqubo ezifanayo ezihlobene nokuncintisana, ubumfihlo, noma ukuvikelwa kwezingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buhambe phambili ohlelweni lwezepolitiki lwaseYurophu, kokubili ngenxa yamandla ayo ezomnotho kanye nezingozi ezibangelwa yibo; izibonelo zakamuva zifaka phakathi I-AI entsha ye-Google, i-Gemini Zibonisa ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo kwamamodeli ezinsizeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bube phambili ohlelweni lwezepolitiki lwaseYurophu, kokubili ngenxa yamandla alo ezomnotho kanye nezingozi ezibangela lokho. Iziphathimandla zaseBrussels zikwenze kwacaca ukuthi zifuna ukuvimbela abanye abadlali ekulawuleni ingqalasizinda ebalulekile kanye nedatha kulo mkhakha, into abayibheka njengeyisisekelo ku- Ukuzimela kwamasu kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha eYurophu.
Kungani ijubane leKhomishini libalulekile kuleli cala
Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu kuleli cala yi- isivinini iKhomishini yaseYurophu ehambe ngasoKusukela ekuqaleni kophenyo olusemthethweni kuya ekumenyezelweni kweziphetho zalo zokuqala, kudlule izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela, ijubane elingavamile kakhulu emacaleni amakhulu okuncintisana.
Ngokwesiko, uphenyo lokulwa nokungathembani e-EU luye lwaqhubeka iminyaka eminingi, izinqumo kanye nezijeziso zifika kuphela ngemva kokuba imakethe isishintshe kakhulu. Izinqubo ezindala ezimelene neMicrosoft, zokufaka i-Internet Explorer kanye ne-Windows Media Player kusengaphambili, ziyisibonelo esivelele sezinqumo ezisebenzayo esimweni esasisiphelelwe yisikhathi kakade.
Kulokhu, iziphathimandla zokuncintisana zifuna ukugwema lokho kungafani. Zikholelwa ukuthi Imakethe yomsizi we-AI isesigabeni sokusuka ngokuphelele. Futhi izinqumo ezenziwa manje zingabumba isakhiwo sazo isikhathi eside. Uma ipulatifomu enesisindo se-WhatsApp isungula ukukhethekile kwethuluzi layo kusukela ekuqaleni, kungaba nzima ukuyiguqula yonke into.
Ngakho-ke, yize icala liwela ngaphansi kohlaka lokuncintisana lwakudala, indlela yaseBrussels ifana nefilosofi ye-Digital Millennium Challenge Corporation (DMA): ukusebenza kusukela ezimpawini zokuqala ukuvimbela inkinga yokugcwala kwamandla edijithali ukuthi ibe yisakhiwo. Ngamazwi kaRibera, imayelana “ukungaphuzi” uma kukhulunywa ngokuvikela ukuncintisana okuphumelelayo emkhakheni lapho konke kuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu.
Okwamanje, uphenyo luzoqhubeka nokuqoqa ulwazi, luhlaziye idatha yemakethe, futhi lulalele i-Meta kanye nabanye abantu abathintekile, kusukela ezinkampanini ze-AI kuya kumakhasimende angaba khona aseYurophu abone amaphrojekthi awo noma ukuhlanganiswa kwawo ku-WhatsApp Business kuphazamiseka.
Ukungezwani phakathi kweBrussels neMeta mayelana nokufinyelela kokuncintisana kubuhlakani bokwenziwa ku-WhatsApp sekuphenduke isivivinyo esicacile senqubomgomo yedijithali yaseYurophu: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ipulatifomu enokufinyelela okukhulu evumela kuphela umsizi wayo; ngakolunye uhlangothi, umlawuli ozimisele ukuvimbela ukuvalwa kwesiteshi esibalulekile ngaphambi kokuba imakethe ivuthwe. Lokho okuzonqunywa yiKhomishini ekugcineni, nokuthi iMeta isabela kanjani, kuzoyithinta kakhulu inkundla yokudlala Izinsizakalo ze-AI zengxoxo kanye nemiyalezo eYurophu eminyakeni ezayo.
